Hormone Therapy

Adherence to glucocorticoid replacement therapy in Addison's disease: Association with patients' disease knowledge and quality of life.

TL;DR

Non-adherence to glucocorticoid replacement therapy was common in patients with Addison's disease (46%) and was associated with more frequent adrenal crisis, poorer quality of life, and poorer disease knowledge.

Key Findings

Nearly half of patients with Addison's disease were non-adherent to glucocorticoid replacement therapy.

  • Cross-sectional study of 58 patients with Addison's disease (39 women and 19 men), mean age 48.4±13.3 years.
  • 27 patients (46%) were classified as non-adherent based on the Girerd questionnaire.
  • Non-adherence was defined as three or fewer negative answers to the Girerd questionnaire (score ≤3/6).

Multiple clinical and demographic factors were independently associated with non-adherence to glucocorticoid replacement therapy.

  • Age below 48 years was associated with non-adherence (ORa=4.8, 95% CI: 2.8–10.7).
  • Poor adherence to comorbidity treatments was associated with non-adherence (ORa=5.0, 95% CI: 3.0–12.2).
  • History of adrenal crisis was associated with non-adherence (ORa=4.1, 95% CI: 2.0–8.3).
  • Baseline cortisolemia at diagnosis >5 µg/dl was associated with non-adherence (ORa=2.3, 95% CI: 1.2–6.2).
  • Low systolic blood pressure was also independently associated with non-adherence (ORa=4.8, 95% CI: 2.6–8.2).

Anthropometric and metabolic factors including lower BMI, smaller waist circumference, lower fasting blood glucose, and lower triglycerides were independently associated with non-adherence.

  • BMI <26.7 kg/m² was associated with non-adherence (ORa=3.9, 95% CI: 1.1–6.9).
  • Waist circumference <90 cm was associated with non-adherence (ORa=1.8, 95% CI: 1.1–2.9).
  • Fasting blood glucose <0.9 g/l was associated with non-adherence (ORa=2.5, 95% CI: 1.1–5.3).
  • Triglyceride <1 g/l was associated with non-adherence (ORa=2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–5.1).

Disease knowledge was positively correlated with adherence to glucocorticoid replacement therapy.

  • There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the disease knowledge questionnaire score and the Girerd adherence score (p=0.02, r=0.31).
  • Poor knowledge about the disease was independently associated with non-adherence (ORa=3.9, 95% CI: 1.2–7.2).
  • A questionnaire was specially designed to assess patients' disease knowledge.

Quality of life was positively correlated with adherence to glucocorticoid replacement therapy.

  • There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the AddiQoL score and the Girerd adherence score (p=0.01, r=0.32).
  • The AddiQol questionnaire, specific to Addison's disease, was used to assess patients' quality of life.
  • Non-adherence to glucocorticoid replacement therapy was associated with poorer quality of life.

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Citation

Yazidi M, Salem M, Oueslati I, Khessairi N, Chaker F, Chihaoui M. (2024). Adherence to glucocorticoid replacement therapy in Addison's disease: Association with patients' disease knowledge and quality of life.. Endocrinologia, diabetes y nutricion. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endien.2023.10.004