Advanced CKM risk was common (38.4%) among Vietnamese patients with T2DM without established CVD, risk-factor control was generally low, and advanced CKM risk was associated with poorer blood pressure and triglyceride control.
Advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) risk was identified in 38.4% of Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes without established cardiovascular disease.
Hypertriglyceridemia was the most common metabolic abnormality, affecting 88.0% of participants, despite a relatively low prevalence of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2.
Overall risk-factor control was low across all evaluated targets.
After adjustment, advanced CKM risk was associated with significantly lower odds of achieving blood pressure control.
After adjustment, advanced CKM risk was associated with lower odds of achieving triglyceride control.
Advanced CKM risk was not associated with achievement of HbA1c, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, or combined lipid control targets.
The authors conclude that CKM-based risk assessment may help identify high-risk patients earlier and support guideline-directed risk-factor management in this population.
This study looked at 1,436 Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes who had not yet had heart disease or stroke. Researchers used a framework called cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) risk, which considers heart, kidney, and metabolic health together. About 38% were classed as having advanced CKM risk, meaning a high estimated 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease or reduced kidney function. Most patients were not meeting recommended treatment targets. Only about one-third had blood sugar or blood pressure under control, and even fewer met targets for LDL cholesterol (19%), non-HDL cholesterol (21%), and triglycerides (12%). High triglycerides were extremely common (88%), even though only about 27% were overweight or obese by BMI. People with advanced CKM risk were less likely to have their blood pressure and triglycerides controlled, even after accounting for other factors, but their blood sugar and cholesterol control did not differ significantly. This research suggests that CKM-based risk assessment could help identify patients with diabetes who are at higher risk earlier, and that blood pressure and triglyceride management may deserve particular attention in this group. Because this was a cross-sectional study, it shows associations at a single point in time and cannot show that CKM risk causes poorer control.
Dang H, Le T, Pham A, Le L, Nguyen N, Tran T, et al.. (2026). Advanced Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Risk and Risk-Factor Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Without Established Cardiovascular Disease.. Journal of diabetes. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70279