Aging & Longevity

Ageing with chronic breathlessness: A more-than-human assemblage perspective.

TL;DR

Chronic breathlessness in older adults emerges as a sociomaterial assemblage involving human bodies, medical technologies, environments, and more-than-human companions, challenging human-centred framings of ageing and illness.

Key Findings

Chronic breathlessness is conceptualised as a sociomaterial assemblage rather than solely a biomedical symptom.

  • The study draws on ethnographic fieldwork among older adults with chronic respiratory disease in northern England.
  • Breathlessness is framed as involving entanglements among human bodies, medical technologies, environments, and more-than-human companions.
  • The analysis uses posthuman and postphenomenological theoretical lenses.
  • The article argues that breathlessness 'emerges in entanglement with the world, not within isolated individuals.'

Medical devices become embodied extensions of ageing bodies, mediating the experience of chronic breathlessness.

  • The study draws on postphenomenology to explore human-technology relations.
  • Medical devices are analysed as non-human actors participating in care.
  • This finding contributes to understanding how technology is incorporated into ageing bodies with respiratory disease.
  • The framework used is feminist posthumanist theory combined with postphenomenology.

Environmental and infrastructural factors mediate breath and are integral to how chronic breathlessness is experienced.

  • The ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in northern England.
  • The analysis identifies environments and infrastructures as active participants in breathlessness assemblages.
  • These factors are framed as non-human actors within care practices.
  • The study challenges frameworks that locate breathlessness solely within the individual body.

Multispecies relationships, including pets, plants, and microbes, participate in care practices for older adults with chronic breathlessness.

  • The study explores how more-than-human companions contribute to care.
  • Pets, plants, and microbes are identified as actors within care assemblages.
  • This finding draws on more-than-human and multispecies frameworks in social science.
  • Care practices are described as 'distributed across human and non-human actors.'

Support groups for people with chronic breathlessness function as assemblages that co-produce care through interactions among people, spaces, objects, and infrastructures.

  • Support groups are reframed not as purely social entities but as sociomaterial assemblages.
  • The analysis considers the roles of spaces, objects, and infrastructures alongside human participants.
  • This framing has implications for support group design as noted by the author.
  • The fieldwork was conducted in northern England among older adults with chronic respiratory disease.

The study contributes to an expanded gerontological paradigm that recognises ageing as a relational and more-than-human process.

  • The article challenges human-centred framings of both ageing and illness.
  • Feminist posthumanist theory is applied to gerontological inquiry.
  • The findings carry implications for care practices, support group design, and theoretical frameworks in ageing studies.
  • The approach expands existing gerontological paradigms by incorporating non-human actors.

What This Means

This research suggests that the experience of chronic breathlessness in older people cannot be fully understood by looking only at what is happening inside a person's body or lungs. Using observations of older adults living with chronic respiratory disease in northern England, the researcher found that breathlessness is shaped by a wide web of relationships — including medical devices like inhalers and oxygen equipment that become part of daily life, the physical environments and built infrastructure people move through, and even relationships with pets, plants, and microbes. Support groups for people with breathlessness were also found to work through these same kinds of entanglements, not just through human social support but through the spaces, objects, and surroundings involved. This research suggests that care for people with chronic breathlessness is not something that happens in one place or between just two people — it is spread across many actors, both human and non-human. For example, a pet providing comfort, a poorly designed staircase making breathing harder, or a familiar medical device becoming part of how someone understands their own body — all of these contribute to how breathlessness is lived and managed day to day. The practical implications of this work point toward rethinking how care services and support groups are designed for older people with chronic respiratory conditions, taking seriously the physical environments, technologies, and even non-human companions that shape people's wellbeing. More broadly, the study argues for a shift in how researchers and practitioners think about ageing — moving away from focusing only on individual human bodies toward understanding ageing as something that happens in relationship with the wider world.

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Citation

Nyman F. (2026). Ageing with chronic breathlessness: A more-than-human assemblage perspective.. Journal of aging studies. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2026.101423