Analysis of treatment for improving cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with hypertension.

The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly hypertensive patients in Huacao community was 22.9%.

• A total of 280 hypertensive patients aged 60-80 years from Huacao Community were retrospectively enrolled between May 2024 and July 2025.
• 64 of the 280 patients were diagnosed with MCI.
• This represents a prevalence rate of 22.9% (64/280).

Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, insufficient physical activity, and high fat/sugar/salt diet were identified as MCI risk factors in elderly hypertensive patients.

• Smoking was a significant risk factor (P=0.014).
• Excessive alcohol consumption was a significant risk factor (P=0.030).
• Insufficient physical activity was a significant risk factor (P=0.041).
• High fat/sugar/salt diet was a significant risk factor (P=0.018).

The combined group (conventional antihypertensive treatment plus cognitive intervention) showed significantly larger increases in cognitive function scores than the conventional treatment group alone.

• MoCA scores showed significantly larger increases in the combined group compared to the conventional group (P=0.013).
• MMSE scores showed significantly larger increases in the combined group (P=0.010).
• SF-36 (quality of life) scores showed significantly larger increases in the combined group (P<0.001).
• The 64 MCI patients were evenly split: conventional antihypertensive treatment (n=32) and combined group (n=32).

The combined intervention group demonstrated significantly narrower blood pressure fluctuations compared to the conventional treatment group.

• Systolic blood pressure fluctuations were significantly narrower in the combined group (P<0.001).
• Diastolic blood pressure fluctuations were also significantly narrower in the combined group (P=0.002).

The combined group showed significantly greater improvement in activities of daily living (ADL) and medication adherence compared to the conventional group.

• The combined group had a greater decrease in ADL total score, indicating improved functional independence (P=0.031).
• Medication adherence as measured by the MMAS-8 score was significantly higher in the combined group (P=0.019).

No significant difference in adverse event incidence was observed between the combined and conventional treatment groups.

• The difference in adverse event incidence between the two groups was not statistically significant (P=0.351).
• This suggests the addition of cognitive intervention to conventional treatment did not increase safety risks.