Association Between Increased Central and Peripheral Arterial 2 Stiffness and Vitamin Intake in Healthy Adults: EVA Follow-Up 3 Study.

Greater increases in central arterial stiffness (cfPWV) were inversely associated with dietary vitamin B9 (folate) intake in multivariable analyses.

• β = -0.233; 95% CI: -0.390 to -0.075
• Central arterial stiffness was assessed using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV)
• Analysis was adjusted for age, sex, lifestyle factors, and cardiovascular risk factors
• Study included 466 participants evaluated at baseline and five-year follow-up

Greater increases in central arterial stiffness (cfPWV) were inversely associated with dietary vitamin C intake in multivariable analyses.

• β = -0.291; 95% CI: -0.507 to -0.075
• Central arterial stiffness was assessed using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV)
• Analysis was adjusted for age, sex, lifestyle factors, and cardiovascular risk factors
• Participants had no previous cardiovascular disease

Greater increases in peripheral arterial stiffness (baPWV) were inversely associated with dietary vitamin B9 (folate) intake in multivariable analyses.

• β = -0.156; 95% CI: -0.287 to -0.025
• Peripheral arterial stiffness was measured using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)
• Analysis was adjusted for age, sex, lifestyle factors, and cardiovascular risk factors
• The five-year longitudinal study included 466 participants (mean age 55.96 ± 14.15 years; 51.1% women)

Greater increases in peripheral arterial stiffness (baPWV) were inversely associated with dietary vitamin C intake in multivariable analyses.

• β = -0.223; 95% CI: -0.402 to -0.044
• Peripheral arterial stiffness was measured using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)
• Analysis was adjusted for age, sex, lifestyle factors, and cardiovascular risk factors
• These findings were observed across both central and peripheral arterial stiffness measures

The study design was a five-year longitudinal follow-up of adults without previous cardiovascular disease drawn from the EVA study.

• 466 participants were evaluated at baseline and follow-up
• Mean age was 55.96 ± 14.15 years; 51.1% were women
• Dietary vitamin intake was estimated using the EVIDENT smartphone application, developed and validated by CGB and the Salamanca Primary Care (APISAL; registration number 00/2014/2207)
• Both central (cfPWV) and peripheral (baPWV) arterial stiffness were assessed at both time points