Association between oxidative balance score and kidney function among Chinese adults: impact of gender, diabetes and hypertension.

OBS was inversely associated with low eGFR in hypertensive women without diabetes.

• OR = 0.58, 95% CI [0.39–0.86] for low eGFR in hypertensive women without diabetes.
• Cross-sectional data from 9,343 participants in Fujian Province (2020–2021) were analyzed.
• OBS was calculated using 10 dietary and lifestyle components.
• Logistic regression was used to assess associations between OBS and kidney function.

OBS was inversely associated with low eGFR in normotensive men independent of diabetes status.

• OR = 0.47, 95% CI [0.25–0.86] for low eGFR in normotensive men.
• This association was independent of diabetes status.
• Stratified analyses by gender, diabetes, and hypertension were performed with interaction terms included.

OBS was inversely associated with low eGFR in prehypertensive men independent of diabetes status.

• OR = 0.52, 95% CI [0.33–0.81] for low eGFR in prehypertensive men.
• This association was independent of diabetes status.
• A significant interaction between OBS and hypertension in men suggested a hypertension-dependent effect.

A significant interaction between OBS and hypertension status was observed in men, suggesting a hypertension-dependent effect on kidney function.

• Interaction terms between OBS and hypertension were included in logistic regression models.
• The interaction was specific to men and not reported as significant in women.
• The hypertension-dependent effect implies that the protective association of higher OBS with kidney function differs across hypertension categories in men.

NHR mediated 19.37% of the association between OBS and albuminuria.

• Mediation analysis was used to evaluate the role of neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (NHR) and platelet-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (PHR).
• NHR accounted for 19.37% of the OBS effect on albuminuria.
• PHR accounted for 13.04% of the OBS effect on albuminuria.
• NHR also accounted for 9.41% of the association between OBS and low eGFR among normotensive and prehypertensive men.

The study used a cross-sectional design with 9,343 adult participants from Fujian Province, China.

• Data were collected from 2020 to 2021.
• OBS was calculated using 10 dietary and lifestyle components reflecting the balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant exposures.
• Kidney function was assessed using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria.
• Analyses were stratified by gender, diabetes status, and hypertension status.