[Association Between Physical Activity and Glycemic Control in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic].

Only 17.6% of patients with type 2 diabetes reported meeting current physical activity recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Study included 3,236 patients who attended cardiovascular health program appointments.
• Physical activity adherence was self-reported to health professionals.
• The low adherence rate occurred in the context of restrictions generated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Physically active individuals with type 2 diabetes had significantly greater disease compensation than inactive individuals.

• Compensation rates were 50.3% in active individuals versus 39.0% in inactive individuals.
• The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001).
• Compensation was determined by the value of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Among individuals with compensated type 2 diabetes, physically active patients had significantly lower body weight and BMI than inactive patients.

• Body weight was 76.5 kg in active versus 81.4 kg in inactive compensated patients (p<0.001).
• BMI was 30.5 kg/m² in active versus 32.6 kg/m² in inactive compensated patients (p<0.001).

Among individuals with compensated type 2 diabetes, physically active patients had significantly lower glycemia and HbA1c than inactive patients.

• Glycemia was 111.4 mg/dl in active versus 119.33 mg/dl in inactive compensated patients (p<0.001).
• HbA1c was 6.31% in active versus 6.38% in inactive compensated patients (p=0.043).

Among individuals with uncompensated type 2 diabetes, physically active patients had lower body weight and BMI than inactive patients, but no significant differences were observed for glycemia and HbA1c.

• Similar differences for body weight and BMI were observed in uncompensated patients as in compensated patients.
• Unlike compensated patients, glycemia and HbA1c did not differ significantly between active and inactive uncompensated patients.
• This pattern suggests physical activity benefits on glycemic markers may be more pronounced in those with better overall diabetes control.