Beneficial Effect of Xanthohumol Supplementation on the Clinical Course of IgA Nephropathy Refractory to Conventional Treatment-A Prospective, Open-Label Case Series.

Xanthohumol supplementation reduced daily proteinuria in all five IgAN patients over 52 weeks.

• Five rigorously selected IgAN patients with poor prognosis were included based on clinical findings and renal biopsy.
• Patients received XN orally at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg body weight.
• Mean reduction in proteinuria at T52 (week 52) compared to baseline was 45.3% (p < 0.001).
• Biochemical tests were performed at baseline, and then after 2, 4, 12, 24, and 52 weeks of XN administration.
• This was a prospective, open-label case series design.

Xanthohumol supplementation reduced albumin-creatinine ratio by 48.4% at week 52 compared to baseline.

• Mean reduction in albumin-creatinine ratio at T52 was 48.4% (p < 0.001).
• The reduction in both proteinuria and albumin-creatinine ratio reached statistical significance (p < 0.001 in both cases).
• All five patients were refractory to conventional treatment prior to enrollment.

Reduction of urine erythrocyturia occurred in four out of five patients following xanthohumol supplementation.

• Four of the five enrolled IgAN patients showed reduction in urine erythrocyturia.
• One patient did not show reduction in erythrocyturia.
• Erythrocyturia is a clinical marker assessed as part of the IgAN disease course.

No progression of chronic kidney disease was observed in any patient during the 52-week xanthohumol supplementation period.

• None of the five IgAN patients experienced progression of chronic kidney disease over the study duration.
• All patients had poor prognosis at baseline as assessed by clinical findings and renal biopsy.
• The study duration was 52 weeks.

Xanthohumol was well tolerated with no adverse effects observed in any of the five patients.

• No adverse effects of XN were observed across all five patients over 52 weeks.
• XN was administered orally at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg body weight.
• The authors concluded that 'XN appears to be safe and well tolerated.'

Xanthohumol exhibits multiple biological properties relevant to IgAN pathogenesis.

• XN exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, and immunomodulatory effects.
• These properties are described as 'all associated with the IgAN pathogenesis.'
• IgAN is described as 'the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide.'