Changes in Systemic Inflammatory Marker Levels Following Percutaneous Revascularisation of Lower Extremity Arteries.

IL-6 concentrations increased significantly one day after revascularisation and then decreased below preprocedural levels at three months.

• Significant differences in IL-6 were observed across all three time points (p < 0.001)
• IL-6 showed 'the most pronounced peri-procedural dynamics' of all measured biomarkers
• Blood samples were taken one hour before the procedure, one day afterwards, and approximately three months later
• Analysis was performed using Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests

IL-10 and TNF-α decreased significantly between the postprocedural measurement and the three-month measurement, but did not fall below preprocedural levels.

• IL-10 decrease from postprocedural to three-month measurement was significant (p = 0.012)
• TNF-α decrease from postprocedural to three-month measurement was significant (p = 0.016)
• Neither IL-10 nor TNF-α reached levels below their respective preprocedural baseline values at three months

No significant changes were observed in hsCRP or IL-8 across any of the three time points.

• High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) did not show significant temporal changes
• IL-8 did not show significant temporal changes
• Both biomarkers were measured at the same three time points as the other markers

The study enrolled 28 patients who completed all blood samplings following successful percutaneous femoropopliteal revascularisation.

• Patients were enrolled consecutively between January 2022 and January 2024 at the Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia
• Median patient age was 69 years
• The study was designed as a prospective, observational, single-centre pilot study
• All enrolled patients had PAD and underwent successful percutaneous femoropopliteal revascularisation

Over a median follow-up of 732 days, no myocardial infarction, stroke, TIA, or death occurred in the study cohort.

• 9 patients experienced worsening PAD symptoms in the treated limb
• 2 patients developed new-onset PAD symptoms in the contralateral limb
• 1 patient was newly diagnosed with angina pectoris
• Clinical outcomes were evaluated at three months and one year post-procedure and further verified through patient telephone interviews

The study was conducted on the premise that endovascular revascularisation may transiently amplify inflammation due to vascular injury, but successful restoration of perfusion could reduce inflammatory burden over time.

• Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is described as a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis in which inflammation plays a central pathogenic role
• The study aimed to 'characterise the temporal dynamics of inflammatory biomarkers during the first three months following endovascular revascularisation'
• Biomarkers measured included hsCRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α