Cardiovascular

Comparison of drug-coated balloons and plain old balloon angioplasty in hemodialysis patients with Below-The-Knee artery disease.

TL;DR

No significant differences were observed between drug-coated balloons and plain old balloon angioplasty in hemodialysis patients with below-the-knee peripheral artery disease in this small retrospective cohort.

Key Findings

Both DCB and POBA groups demonstrated improvement in Rutherford grade at 12 months.

  • The study was a retrospective design including 96 hemodialysis patients total (DCB: 55, POBA: 41).
  • Rutherford grade improvement was observed in both treatment groups at the 12-month follow-up point.
  • No clear between-group differences were observed in Rutherford grade changes.

Wound healing rates were higher in the DCB group than the POBA group, though no significant difference was established.

  • Wound healing occurred in 60.6% (95% CI 42.1–76.8) of the DCB group.
  • Wound healing occurred in 50.0% (95% CI 32.0–67.9) of the POBA group.
  • The confidence intervals overlapped substantially, and no clear between-group difference was observed.

Amputation-free survival was numerically higher in the DCB group compared to the POBA group, but no significant difference was detected.

  • Amputation-free survival was 72.7% (95% CI 59.0–83.0) in the DCB group.
  • Amputation-free survival was 67.7% (95% CI 52.5–80.0) in the POBA group.
  • Overlapping confidence intervals indicated no clear between-group difference.

Freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) was numerically higher in the POBA group than the DCB group.

  • Freedom from CD-TLR was 78.9% (95% CI 65.0–88.5) for the DCB group.
  • Freedom from CD-TLR was 91.6% (95% CI 79.0–97.0) for the POBA group.
  • Despite the numerical difference favoring POBA, no clear between-group difference was reported by the authors.
  • This finding suggests that DCB did not reduce the need for repeat revascularization compared to POBA in this population.

The study was a small retrospective cohort of hemodialysis patients with below-the-knee peripheral artery disease comparing DCB to POBA.

  • Total sample size was 96 hemodialysis patients: 55 in the DCB group and 41 in the POBA group.
  • Outcomes assessed included changes in Rutherford grade, wound healing, freedom from CD-TLR, survival, and amputation-free survival.
  • The retrospective design and small sample size were acknowledged as limitations, as reflected in the conclusion language.

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Citation

Jin Z, Li C, Ma L, Wen J, Ren H, Wang S. (2026). Comparison of drug-coated balloons and plain old balloon angioplasty in hemodialysis patients with Below-The-Knee artery disease.. Diabetes & vascular disease research. https://doi.org/10.1177/14791641261418911