[Correlation between Serum AGR, LDH Levels and Efficacy of Induction Chemotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients].

Serum AGR was significantly lower and LDH was significantly higher in newly diagnosed MM patients compared to healthy controls.

• 61 MM patients were compared to 61 healthy controls matched from the same period.
• Serum AGR in the observation group was significantly lower than in the control group (P <0.001).
• Serum LDH in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group (P <0.001).

Serum AGR was negatively correlated with MM and LDH was positively correlated with MM by Pearson correlation analysis.

• Pearson correlation test was used to explore the correlation between serum AGR, LDH and MM.
• Serum AGR was negatively correlated with MM (r = -0.739).
• LDH was positively correlated with MM (r = 0.885).

After induction chemotherapy, serum AGR significantly increased and LDH significantly decreased in the MM patient group.

• Serum AGR after chemotherapy was significantly higher compared to before chemotherapy (P <0.001).
• Serum LDH after chemotherapy was significantly lower compared to before chemotherapy (P <0.001).
• These changes were observed across the 61 MM patients in the observation group.

Non-remission MM patients had significantly higher rates of advanced disease staging, bone marrow plasma cell percentage, and LDH, and lower AGR compared to remission patients.

• The observation group was divided into remission group (31 cases) and non-remission group (30 cases) based on chemotherapy efficacy.
• Proportion of ISS stage III patients was significantly higher in the non-remission group (P = 0.002).
• Proportion of DS stage III patients was significantly higher in the non-remission group (P = 0.001).
• Percentage of bone marrow plasma cells was significantly higher in the non-remission group (P <0.001).
• LDH level was significantly higher (P <0.001) and AGR was significantly lower (P <0.001) in the non-remission group compared to the remission group.

Logistic regression analysis identified serum AGR, LDH, percentage of bone marrow plasma cells, and ISS stage as independent factors affecting induction chemotherapy efficacy.

• Logistic regression analysis was performed using chemotherapy efficacy as the dependent variable.
• Serum AGR, LDH, bone marrow plasma cell percentage, and ISS stage were all statistically significant factors (all P <0.05).

ROC curve analysis showed that pre-chemotherapy serum AGR, LDH, and their combination all had good predictive value for chemotherapy efficacy, with the combination showing the highest predictive value.

• ROC curves were drawn for serum AGR alone, LDH alone, and their combination.
• All three measures demonstrated good predictive value for chemotherapy efficacy in MM patients.
• The combination of AGR and LDH had the highest predictive value among the three.

Decision curve analysis confirmed that serum AGR, LDH, and their combination each had clinical significance in predicting chemotherapy efficacy in MM patients.

• Decision curve analysis was performed to evaluate clinical application value.
• All three measures—AGR alone, LDH alone, and their combination—showed clinical significance for predicting chemotherapy efficacy.
• The combination of AGR and LDH demonstrated clinical utility in predicting outcomes in newly diagnosed MM patients.