Daily stress and adolescent emotional well-being: Protective roles of sport experience and sleep quality.

Daily stress was associated with adolescent emotional well-being on both the same day and the following day.

• Study used a 30-day daily diary design with 107 adolescents aged 11-18 years (Mage = 14.75, SDage = 1.59)
• Sample was 38.3% female and 58.9% male
• Both same-day and lagged-day (next-day) effects of daily stress on positive and negative affect were observed
• Emotional well-being was measured as both positive and negative affect

Sport experience moderated the same-day association between daily stress and adolescent affect, supporting the same-day buffering hypothesis.

• Sport experience buffered the negative effects of daily stress on emotional well-being on the same day stress occurred
• This finding supports the 'same-day buffering hypothesis,' suggesting sport experience acts as a protective resource against acute stress
• Sport experience was examined as a moderating variable rather than a daily activity variable

Sport experience moderated the association between daily stress and next-day affect, supporting the recovery hypothesis.

• Sport experience moderated the lagged-day associations between stress and affect
• This supports the 'recovery hypothesis,' suggesting sport experience helps adolescents recover emotionally from stress experienced the prior day
• Both same-day and lagged-day moderating effects of sport experience were identified

Sleep quality the night before stress exposure moderated the same-day stress-affect associations, supporting the preparation hypothesis.

• Sleep quality on the night prior to a stressful day buffered the negative emotional impact of that stress
• This supports the 'preparation hypothesis,' indicating that good prior-night sleep prepares adolescents to cope with subsequent daily stress
• Sleep quality was assessed both the night before and the night after stress exposure as separate moderators

Sleep quality the night after stress exposure moderated the association between stress and next-day affect, supporting the reset hypothesis.

• Sleep quality following a stressful day moderated the lagged-day associations between stress and next-day affect
• This supports the 'reset hypothesis,' suggesting that good post-stress sleep helps reset emotional well-being after experiencing daily stress
• The findings distinguish between the preparatory and restorative functions of sleep in the context of stress

The study identified distinct temporal dynamics in daily stress-affect associations across same-day and lagged-day timeframes.

• The 30-day daily diary design allowed examination of within-person stress-affect dynamics over time
• Findings underscore the importance of 'disentangling dynamics in daily stress-affect associations'
• Four distinct hypotheses (buffering, recovery, preparation, reset) were tested and supported within a single study