Differences in cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and pulmonary function across occupational groups and educational levels: a cross-sectional study.
Chróścielewska N, Chomiuk T, et al. • Annals of medicine • 2026
Blue-collar workers reported higher self-reported weekly physical activity than white-collar workers, but white-collar workers had higher estimated VO2max, with gender-specific patterns suggesting that self-reported PA and cardiorespiratory fitness do not consistently align across occupational groups.
The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0003)
When stratified by gender, this result remained significant for men (p = 0.0003)
The study population consisted of 203 professionally active adults aged 40-70, with 39.41% being blue-collar workers
Physical activity was assessed using the IPAQ-SF (International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form)
Results
White-collar workers had higher estimated VO2max than blue-collar workers overall.
The difference in estimated VO2max was statistically significant (p = 0.0467)
When stratified by gender, only female blue-collar workers had significantly lower VO2max values than female white-collar workers (p = 0.0142)
No significant differences in estimated VO2max were found between male blue-collar and male white-collar workers
VO2max was estimated using the Åstrand-Rhyming submaximal exercise test
Results
Gender-specific differences existed between occupational groups in the relationship between self-reported physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness.
Among men, blue-collar workers reported higher self-reported weekly PA than white-collar workers, with no significant differences in estimated VO2max
Among women, blue-collar workers did not report higher self-reported PA but had lower estimated VO2max than white-collar women (p = 0.0142)
The study sample was 55.17% men
The authors note these differences are small and should be interpreted cautiously
Results
Among industries, the lowest self-reported weekly physical activity values were observed in male representatives of the professionals group, and the highest in agriculture and forestry workers.
Industry-level comparisons were made across multiple occupational sectors
Agriculture and forestry workers represented the highest PA group among men
The professionals group represented the lowest PA group among men
PA was self-reported using the IPAQ-SF questionnaire
Methods
The study population consisted of professionally active adults aged 40-70 with a mean age of 53.4 years.
Total sample size was 203 professionally active adults
55.17% were men
39.41% were blue-collar workers
Assessment included questionnaire-based PA survey, Åstrand-Rhyming submaximal exercise testing for VO2max estimation, and spirometry measuring FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC ratio
The survey also collected data on occupation, hours worked per week, night shift work, education, age, and gender
Chróścielewska N, Chomiuk T, Laprus-Abramska K, Pałasz D, Mamcarz A, Śliż D. (2026). Differences in cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and pulmonary function across occupational groups and educational levels: a cross-sectional study.. Annals of medicine. https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2026.2638086