Disease-specific crosstalk of Alistipes with lipoprotein profiles in overweight individuals at high cardiometabolic risk.

Participants with metabolic syndrome showed more unfavorable anthropometric and body composition values compared to those with systemic lupus erythematosus.

• A total of 85 individuals with MS and 66 with SLE, all overweight, were included in the study.
• Anthropometric, body composition, and biochemical parameters were assessed across both groups.
• MS participants showed more unfavorable values in anthropometric, body composition, and clinical biochemistry compared to SLE participants.

Metabolic syndrome individuals had a more atherogenic lipoprotein profile compared to SLE individuals.

• MS individuals had higher levels of IDL-C, VLDL-TG, small LDL-P, and total LDL-P compared to SLE individuals.
• MS individuals showed decreased HDL-C, reflecting a more atherogenic profile.
• Lipoprotein profiles were quantified by 1H-NMR spectroscopy.

Alistipes was identified as a key discriminant gut microbial taxon differentiating the two disease groups.

• Gut microbiota composition was assessed via 16S rRNA sequencing.
• Machine learning Boruta feature selection was used to identify microbial taxa linked to lipid traits.
• Alistipes was identified as the key discriminant taxon between MS and SLE groups.

The association between Alistipes abundance and small LDL particle concentrations was significantly modulated by disease type.

• A significant association was observed between Alistipes abundance and small LDL particle concentrations.
• Regression models were used to evaluate microbiota-LDL particle associations by disease type.
• The modulation of this association by disease type suggests that the relationship between gut microbiota and lipid metabolism differs between MS and SLE.

Both metabolic syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus are associated with elevated cardiovascular risk but represent pathophysiologically distinct chronic conditions.

• MS and SLE were described as 'two pathophysiologically distinct chronic conditions associated with elevated cardiovascular risk.'
• Emerging evidence links gut microbiota to host lipid metabolism and lipoprotein function in these populations.
• The study population was specifically overweight individuals to control for body weight as a shared cardiometabolic risk factor.

The study supports the use of novel approaches including advanced lipoprotein profiling and microbiota analysis to guide precision strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction.

• Results highlight condition-specific host-microbiota-lipid relationships.
• The authors support 'the use of novel approaches to guide precision strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction in high-risk populations.'
• Advanced lipoprotein profiling via 1H-NMR spectroscopy and machine learning feature selection were among the novel approaches employed.