E-health Initiatives for Screening and Management of Anemia in Rural Rajasthan.

Overall prevalence of anemia significantly declined from 46.08% at baseline to 14.65% at the 9th month of the intervention.

• The study was conducted in rural Rajasthan using a prospective cohort design.
• An Android e-application on tablets was used to identify anemia after hemoglobin estimation through the Hemoglobin Color Scale.
• Statistical significance was assessed using Cochran's Q, McNemar, chi-square, repeated measures ANOVA, and independent t-test.
• An overall improvement of 68.2% was observed in anemia status across the study period.

Males had a higher baseline anemia prevalence (52.8%) compared to females (39.16%).

• Despite higher baseline prevalence in males, the maximum improvement in anemia status was observed in females.
• Mean hemoglobin levels showed a consistent increase across all age-groups and both genders.
• Statistical comparisons by gender were made using chi-square and independent t-test analyses.

The maximum improvement in anemia status was observed in the 1–5-year age-group and in females.

• Mean hemoglobin levels showed a consistent increase across all age-groups throughout the 9-month follow-up.
• The maximum increase in mean hemoglobin levels was observed in the 6-month to 1-year age-group.
• Repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess changes in hemoglobin levels over time across age-groups.

The multidimensional intervention included IFA supplementation, deworming among children, dietary guidance, and health education delivered via pop-up videos through an e-health platform.

• Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) were used to deliver the intervention at the community level.
• Pop-up videos on tablets were used to provide health education and dietary guidance.
• Deworming was specifically included as a component targeting children.
• The Android e-application was used on tablets to identify anemia after hemoglobin estimation through the Hemoglobin Color Scale.

E-health initiatives enabled community-based anemia screening and management by frontline health workers using a standardized Android application.

• The Hemoglobin Color Scale was used for hemoglobin estimation as part of the app-based screening process.
• ASHAs, who are community-level health workers, were trained to use the Android app on tablets.
• Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.
• The study design was a prospective cohort conducted in rural Rajasthan.