Cardiovascular

Effects of a Commercial Fruit, Vegetable and Berry Juice Powder Concentrate on Metabolic Safety and Cardiovascular Health in Older Adults: 6-Month Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

TL;DR

Six months of supplementation with a commercial fruit, vegetable and berry juice powder concentrate was 'metabolically safe and well tolerated' in older adults, with significant improvements in carbonyl proteins, homocysteine, and blood pressure compared to controls.

Key Findings

The FVB concentrate was metabolically safe and no safety-relevant deteriorations were observed over 6 months.

  • Primary outcome was metabolic safety assessed by hepatic, renal, thyroid, lipid, and glucose metabolism markers.
  • FVB group consisted of 18 participants; control group consisted of 16 participants.
  • Participants were generally healthy older adults in an open-label, randomized controlled trial.
  • The supplement dose was six capsules per day.
  • This represents a pre-specified 6-month timepoint of a planned 1-year trial.

Carbonyl proteins, a marker of systemic oxidative stress, decreased significantly in the FVB group compared to controls.

  • The interaction p-value for carbonyl proteins was p = 0.030.
  • After adjustment for baseline values, age, and BMI, the between-group difference for carbonyl proteins was attenuated and no longer reached statistical significance.
  • Carbonyl proteins were one of three systemic oxidative stress markers assessed, along with malondialdehyde and oxidized LDL.
  • This was an exploratory analysis outcome, not the primary endpoint.

Homocysteine remained stable in the FVB group but increased significantly in the control group.

  • The interaction p-value for homocysteine was p = 0.002.
  • After adjustment for baseline values, age, and BMI, the between-group difference for homocysteine persisted.
  • Homocysteine was assessed as a marker of cardiovascular health.
  • This was part of the exploratory analysis.

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the FVB group compared to controls.

  • The interaction p-value for systolic blood pressure was p = 0.036.
  • The interaction p-value for diastolic blood pressure was p = 0.011.
  • After adjustment for baseline values, age, and BMI, the between-group difference for diastolic blood pressure persisted, whereas the difference in systolic blood pressure was attenuated and no longer reached statistical significance.
  • Blood pressure was assessed as a marker of cardiovascular health in exploratory analysis.

Plasma vitamin C increased significantly in the FVB group, confirming supplementation compliance.

  • The interaction p-value for plasma vitamin C was p = 0.004.
  • Plasma vitamin C was used as a compliance marker for the FVB supplement.
  • The significant increase in the FVB group but not the control group indicates participants were consuming the supplement as directed.

The study findings are described as hypothesis-generating rather than confirmatory due to the limited sample size and pre-specified interim timepoint.

  • Total sample size was 34 participants (FVB group n = 18, control group n = 16).
  • Results represent a pre-specified 6-month timepoint of a 1-year trial.
  • Authors state findings 'require confirmation by the complete trial.'
  • The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04763291, registered 21 February 2021).
  • The design was open-label, which is a methodological limitation.

What This Means

This research suggests that taking a fruit, vegetable, and berry (FVB) juice powder concentrate supplement — six capsules per day — for six months is safe for generally healthy older adults. The study tracked multiple health markers related to liver, kidney, thyroid, fat, and sugar metabolism, and found no harmful changes in the group taking the supplement. This addresses a practical concern for people who use such supplements long-term, as safety over extended periods is not always well-studied. Beyond safety, the study also found several potential cardiovascular and antioxidant benefits in the FVB group. Specifically, levels of carbonyl proteins (a marker of cell damage from oxidative stress) went down, homocysteine (a blood marker linked to heart disease risk) stayed stable rather than rising as it did in the control group, and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased. However, when the researchers adjusted their statistical analysis to account for differences in participants' starting values, age, and body mass index, some of these effects became less statistically robust — only the homocysteine and diastolic blood pressure differences clearly held up. This research suggests that FVB concentrate supplementation may support cardiovascular health and reduce oxidative stress in older adults without causing metabolic harm, but the authors are careful to note that with only 34 participants and results from just the halfway point of a one-year trial, these findings should be considered preliminary and hypothesis-generating rather than definitive. The full one-year results will be needed to draw firmer conclusions.

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Citation

Ziegler T, Darko A, Ledinski G, Kager G, Hörl G, Seemann A, et al.. (2026). Effects of a Commercial Fruit, Vegetable and Berry Juice Powder Concentrate on Metabolic Safety and Cardiovascular Health in Older Adults: 6-Month Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18172746