Sexual Health

Empowering youth with chronic conditions: enhancing sexual and reproductive health through evidence and engagement - protocol for a co-design approach.

TL;DR

This paper presents a protocol for a four-stage community-based participatory research and integrated knowledge translation study to co-design culturally relevant sexual and reproductive health tools for youth aged 15-24 with epilepsy, congenital heart disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Key Findings

Youth with chronic conditions such as epilepsy, congenital heart disease (CHD), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) face unique sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges including teratogenic medication risks and higher maternal mortality, yet often lack specialised counselling.

  • The three chronic conditions selected for study are epilepsy, congenital heart disease (CHD), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • Specific risks identified include teratogenic medication risks and higher maternal mortality.
  • The authors identify a 'significant evidence gap in Canada regarding the SRH needs and access to care for this population.'
  • The target age group is adolescents and young adults aged 15-24 years.

The study protocol employs a four-stage community-based participatory research (CBPR) and integrated knowledge translation (iKT) approach to address SRH needs in youth with chronic conditions.

  • Stage 1 involves a scoping review and environmental scan to map existing SRH evidence and resources.
  • Stage 2 uses semi-structured qualitative interviews (n=30-40) with youth with chronic conditions to explore lived experiences regarding SRH needs and services.
  • Stage 3 uses CBPR and human-centred design (HCD) to co-create tailored knowledge translation (KT) tools such as infographics and videos with youth partners.
  • Stage 4 is a mixed-methods evaluation involving a usability survey (n=60-75) and nine focus group discussions to assess tools' usability, acceptability, perceived usefulness, and relevance.

The protocol incorporates community-based participatory research principles to meaningfully engage youth in co-designing culturally relevant knowledge translation tools.

  • The approach applies CBPR principles to ensure meaningful engagement of youth with chronic conditions.
  • Knowledge translation tools to be co-created include infographics and videos.
  • The tools are intended to be culturally relevant and tailored to the target population.
  • Youth partners are included in the co-creation process during Stage 3 of the protocol.

The study received ethical approval and has a registered scoping review protocol, with a planned dissemination strategy spanning academic and social media platforms.

  • Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Alberta Research Ethics Board (Pro00165408).
  • The scoping review protocol is registered in the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5SWTY).
  • Informed consent will be secured from all participants.
  • Dissemination will include peer-reviewed publications, academic presentations, social media content (TikTok, Instagram), and a national Canadian conference.

What This Means

This research describes a detailed study plan (protocol) for addressing a gap in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education and care for young people aged 15-24 who live with serious chronic health conditions, specifically epilepsy, congenital heart disease, and lupus. Young people with these conditions face special health risks related to sex and reproduction — for example, some of their medications can harm a developing fetus, and pregnancy can carry higher risks for them — yet they often do not receive specialized counseling or information about these issues. Currently, there is not enough research or practical guidance available in Canada to meet their needs. To address this gap, the research team plans to work in four stages. First, they will gather and review all existing evidence and resources on this topic. Second, they will interview 30-40 young people with these conditions to learn about their personal experiences with SRH information and care. Third, they will work directly with young people as partners to co-create practical educational tools — such as videos and infographics — that are culturally appropriate and easy to understand. Finally, they will test these tools with 60-75 participants and conduct focus groups to see how useful, acceptable, and relevant the tools are in practice. This research suggests that involving young people directly in creating health education materials — rather than having experts design them without input — may result in tools that are more relevant, trustworthy, and useful for this community. If successful, the approach could provide a model for developing health resources for other underserved groups of young people with chronic illnesses, and the resulting tools could be shared broadly through social media, academic channels, and national conferences in Canada.

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Citation

Meherali S, Nisa S, Lebeuf S, Hartling L, Kassiri J, Khoury M, et al.. (2026). Empowering youth with chronic conditions: enhancing sexual and reproductive health through evidence and engagement - protocol for a co-design approach.. BMJ open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-125304