Mental Health

Factors influencing patient-reported outcomes in operatively managed tibial plateau fractures.

TL;DR

Early recovery after surgically treated tibial plateau fractures varies by patient and injury characteristics: younger patients, particularly females under 50, reported worse pain and global physical health, while high-energy mechanisms were independently associated with poorer physical and psychological outcomes across multiple domains.

Key Findings

Younger patients (under 50) reported worse pain interference and global physical health at 6 months after operative tibial plateau fracture fixation.

  • Patients < 50 reported higher pain interference scores compared to those ≥ 50 (62.7 vs. 59.3, p = 0.017)
  • Patients < 50 reported lower global physical health scores compared to those ≥ 50 (38.8 vs. 42.4, p = 0.023)
  • Study included 106 patients from a retrospective cohort at a Level I trauma center (2022-2024)
  • Mean age of the cohort was 50.4 years and 51.9% were male

Among female patients, those under 50 years old had worse pain interference, global physical health, and anxiety scores at 6 months.

  • Females < 50 had higher pain interference scores compared to females ≥ 50 (64.0 vs. 58.5, p = 0.009)
  • Females < 50 had lower global physical health scores compared to females ≥ 50 (37.5 vs. 43.1, p = 0.011)
  • Females < 50 had lower anxiety scores compared to females ≥ 50 (60.2 vs. 64.1, p = 0.046)
  • Note: In PROMIS scoring, lower anxiety scores indicate worse anxiety symptoms in this context

High-energy mechanism of injury was independently associated with worse outcomes across multiple physical and psychological PROMIS domains after adjustment.

  • High-energy injuries were associated with worse global physical health (p = 0.014) and global mental health (p = 0.011)
  • High-energy injuries were associated with worse depression (p = 0.009) and anxiety (p = 0.015) scores
  • High-energy injuries were associated with worse percent of normal function (p = 0.002) and brief resilience scale scores (p = 0.004)
  • These associations were identified after multivariable adjustment

Of 413 patients with operatively treated tibial plateau fractures identified, only 106 met inclusion criteria for the study.

  • Exclusion criteria included age < 18 years, non-operative or percutaneous fixation, and inadequate medical record documentation
  • The study was conducted at a Level I trauma center between 2022 and 2024
  • Primary outcomes were 6-month PROMIS scores including physical function, pain interference, global physical health, global mental health, anxiety/depression, brief resilience scale, and percent of normal function
  • Mean age was 50.4 years and 51.9% of included patients were male

Tibial plateau fractures are complex injuries with high complication rates whose broader impact on patient-reported function and quality of life remains underexplored.

  • The study assessed the impact of demographics, fracture patterns, and treatment characteristics on PROMIS scores
  • Outcomes were compared by sex, age, mechanism of injury, fracture pattern, Schatzker type, and external fixation
  • The study design was a retrospective cohort study at a Level I trauma center

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Citation

Alcaide D, Litten R, Krout J, Hawkins G, Smitherman A, McIlwain R, et al.. (2026). Factors influencing patient-reported outcomes in operatively managed tibial plateau fractures.. European journal of orthopaedic surgery &amp; traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-026-04687-0