Cardiovascular

Long-term limb salvage and functional recovery in advanced Charcot neuroarthropathy complicated by a non-healing diabetic foot ulcer: a CARE-compliant case report.

TL;DR

Limb preservation and functional recovery were achieved over approximately four years of follow-up in a patient with advanced Charcot neuroarthropathy complicated by chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulceration through multimodal conservative management including Ayurvedic wound care, antidiabetic therapy, bed rest, and dietary regulation.

Key Findings

A 43-year-old man with advanced Charcot neuroarthropathy and a chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcer achieved complete wound healing without major amputation over approximately four years of follow-up.

  • The patient had poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  • The dorsal diabetic foot ulcer measured 3 × 4 cm and was classified as Wagner Grade 3 and University of Texas Grade 3-D.
  • A lateral draining sinus was also present in addition to the dorsal ulcer.
  • Prior hospitalization, incision and drainage, and approximately 15 days of intravenous antibiotic therapy had failed to achieve satisfactory wound healing before the reported management began.

MRI demonstrated extensive Charcot-related bony destruction with findings suggestive of secondary osteomyelitis during the earlier course of the disease.

  • The diagnosis of Charcot neuroarthropathy with secondary osteomyelitis was made by the treating podiatric surgeon based on clinical and imaging findings.
  • Microbiological and histopathological confirmation of osteomyelitis was not available.
  • The imaging findings were described as 'suggestive of secondary osteomyelitis' rather than confirmed.

Multimodal conservative management resulted in progressive wound improvement, including reduction in exudate and slough followed by healthy granulation tissue formation and complete epithelialization of the dorsal ulcer.

  • Management comprised continuation of conventional antidiabetic therapy, complete bed rest during the active wound-management period, and structured local wound care using Aragvadhadi Kashayam.
  • Internal Ayurvedic medications included Pachanamritham Kashayam and Chandraprabha Vati.
  • Dietary regulation and regular clinical follow-up were also components of the management plan.
  • The lateral draining sinus also healed as part of the treatment course.
  • The clinical course was documented through serial clinical photographs and follow-up assessments.

Custom-made protective footwear prescribed for the Charcot-related deformity was used for approximately six months before being discontinued due to discomfort.

  • The footwear had previously been prescribed for the Charcot-related deformity.
  • Discontinuation was attributed to patient discomfort rather than clinical decision-making.
  • The role of footwear in the overall outcome cannot be independently assessed given the multimodal design.

The patient regained independent ambulation and resumed routine occupational and daily activities following limb preservation.

  • Functional recovery included resumption of routine occupational and daily activities.
  • The patient maintained functional mobility over the approximately four-year follow-up period.
  • Limb preservation was achieved without major amputation.

The independent contribution of individual treatment components to the favorable outcome cannot be determined due to the single-case design and simultaneous use of multiple therapeutic interventions.

  • The authors explicitly state: 'Given the single-case design and the simultaneous use of multiple therapeutic interventions, the independent contribution of individual treatment components cannot be determined.'
  • The authors note that further prospective studies are warranted.
  • This is a CARE-compliant case report, representing the lowest level of clinical evidence.

What This Means

This research describes the case of a 43-year-old man with type 2 diabetes who developed a serious foot complication called Charcot neuroarthropathy — a condition where nerve damage leads to bone destruction and severe foot deformity. He also had a large, long-standing open wound on his foot and a draining sinus (an abnormal channel leaking infection), with MRI suggesting the infection had spread to the bone. Standard hospital treatment including intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage had not healed the wound. He was then treated with a combination of approaches including diabetes medication, complete bed rest, a traditional Ayurvedic herbal wound wash (Aragvadhadi Kashayam), internal Ayurvedic herbal medicines, dietary changes, and regular monitoring. Over roughly four years, his wound fully closed, the draining sinus healed, and he avoided amputation — eventually walking independently and returning to his normal daily activities. This research suggests that in select cases of advanced diabetic Charcot foot with non-healing ulcers, a conservative multimodal approach — even one incorporating traditional medicine alongside conventional care — may support limb preservation and functional recovery. However, because multiple treatments were used at the same time and this is a report of only one patient, it is impossible to know which specific treatment (or combination) was responsible for the positive outcome. The authors themselves caution that this case cannot be used to draw general conclusions, and they call for larger, more rigorous studies to properly evaluate these approaches. This case is notable because advanced Charcot neuroarthropathy with infected, non-healing wounds carries a high risk of major amputation, and long-term limb preservation in such cases is rarely documented in the medical literature. For people living with diabetes, this report highlights how complex foot complications can sometimes be managed without surgery, though it does not provide a proven treatment protocol and the role of any individual element — including the Ayurvedic components — remains uncertain.

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Citation

Mohan P, Velayudhan Pillai R. (2026). Long-term limb salvage and functional recovery in advanced Charcot neuroarthropathy complicated by a non-healing diabetic foot ulcer: a CARE-compliant case report.. Frontiers in endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1952152