Cardiovascular

Mediation of stenosis-induced ischemia by proximal peri-coronary adipose tissue: A cross-sectional study.

TL;DR

Proximal peri-coronary adipose tissue radiomics score partially mediates the relationship between stenosis and coronary ischemia, and combined with stenosis degree in a random forest model achieves high efficacy in identifying FFRCT ≤ 0.75.

Key Findings

PCAT Rad-Score partially mediates the impact of stenosis on ischemia in the left anterior descending artery.

  • Mediation analysis was performed using structural equation modeling.
  • The partial mediation effect of Rad-Score in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was 11.43%.
  • 253 vessels from 174 patients were included in the cross-sectional study.
  • Vessels were divided into FFRCT ≤ 0.75 (ischemia) and FFRCT > 0.75 (non-ischemia) groups.

PCAT Rad-Score partially mediates the impact of stenosis on ischemia in the right coronary artery.

  • The partial mediation effect of Rad-Score in the right coronary artery (RCA) was 6.38%.
  • Mediation analysis was conducted via structural equation modeling.
  • The mediation effect was smaller in the RCA (6.38%) compared to the LAD (11.43%).

A random forest model combining Rad-Score and stenosis degree achieved high efficacy in identifying FFRCT ≤ 0.75 in the LAD subgroup.

  • Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.879 in the LAD subgroup.
  • Sensitivity was 0.8 and specificity was 0.929 in the LAD subgroup.
  • The dataset was divided into a train set (70%) and test set (30%) for model construction.
  • Feature selection was used to derive the Radiomics Score (Rad-Score) formula from PCAT features.

A random forest model combining Rad-Score and stenosis degree achieved high efficacy in identifying FFRCT ≤ 0.75 in the RCA subgroup.

  • AUC was 0.840 in the RCA subgroup.
  • Sensitivity was 0.889 and specificity was 0.778 in the RCA subgroup.
  • Random forest (RF) methods were used to construct both Rad-Score models and Rad-Score + stenosis degree models.

PCAT radiomics features were extracted from semiautomatic 3D segmentation and used to develop a Rad-Score.

  • PCAT was semi-automatically outlined using 3D Slicer software.
  • Radiomics features were extracted from the PCAT regions of interest.
  • Feature selection was applied to yield the Radiomics Score (Rad-Score) formula.
  • The study focused specifically on proximal PCAT relative to coronary stenosis.

A total of 253 vessels from 174 patients were included in this cross-sectional study.

  • Vessels were analyzed at the vessel level, not just the patient level.
  • Subgroup analyses were performed separately for the left anterior descending artery and right coronary artery.
  • FFRCT (fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography) was used as the reference standard for ischemia.

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Citation

Chen W, Zhang M, Zhu Z, Wu Q. (2026). Mediation of stenosis-induced ischemia by proximal peri-coronary adipose tissue: A cross-sectional study.. Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000048120