Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations have unique health needs that warrant thoughtful consideration by clinicians in primary care settings, and fostering reflective practice is essential when working with this heterogeneous population.
SGM populations represent a diverse group with unique health needs that require specific attention in primary care clinical settings.
The paper uses case vignettes, sticky points, and clinician care points as educational tools to address SGM health needs in clinical practice.
SGM populations face a history of challenges that have shaped their health needs and experiences with clinical care.
Reflective clinical practice is identified as a key goal for improving care for SGM patients in primary care.
This research article addresses the mental health and clinical care needs of sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals — a broad category that includes people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or other non-heterosexual and non-cisgender identities — within primary care settings. The authors highlight that this population has a unique history of challenges and health disparities that primary care providers should understand and respond to thoughtfully. The article uses real-world case examples and practical guidance points to help clinicians navigate complex or sensitive situations when caring for SGM patients. This research suggests that improving care for SGM patients requires clinicians to engage in reflective practice — meaning they should actively examine their own assumptions, biases, and knowledge gaps when working with this diverse group. The authors stress that SGM individuals are not a monolithic group; their identities, experiences, and health needs vary widely, and a one-size-fits-all approach is insufficient. For healthcare systems and providers, the practical implication is that primary care clinicians benefit from specific training and tools — such as case-based learning and structured care points — to better serve SGM patients. This kind of education may help reduce disparities in mental and physical health outcomes that this population disproportionately experiences.
McElroy J, Thompson W, Swenson A. (2026). Mental Health at the Margins: Sexual and Gender Minority Needs in Clinical Care.. Primary care. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2026.01.007