Metabolic and body composition alterations in normal-weight adults with prediabetes: A DEXA-based analysis.

The android-to-gynoid fat ratio was an independent and significant predictor of prediabetes in normal-weight women.

• Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the android-to-gynoid fat ratio remained an independent and significant predictor of prediabetes (p = 0.014)
• The finding was specific to women in the study cohort
• DEXA was used to derive regional fat ratios, allowing differentiation of android versus gynoid fat distribution
• This finding highlights a 'normal-weight obesity' phenotype in individuals with normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m²)

Men with prediabetes showed significantly impaired GFR and elevated creatinine levels compared to healthy normal-weight men.

• GFR was significantly impaired in prediabetic men (p = 0.008)
• Creatinine levels were significantly different in prediabetic men (p = 0.019)
• These findings suggest early renal dysfunction in men with prediabetes
• Results underscore the importance of comprehensive metabolic and renal assessment in normal-weight prediabetic men

Central fat distribution, especially trunk fat, correlated with fasting glucose in men, but this association lost significance after age adjustment.

• The trunk-to-limb fat ratio was linked to glucose metabolism in men
• The association between central fat distribution and fasting glucose did not remain significant after adjusting for age
• Age-related fat redistribution may modulate metabolic risk in men
• This was assessed using DEXA-based body composition analysis in a cohort of 30 prediabetic and 30 healthy normal-weight participants

The study enrolled 60 normal-weight participants equally divided between prediabetic and healthy controls who underwent DEXA-based body composition analysis.

• Total sample size was 60 participants: 30 prediabetic and 30 healthy
• All participants had BMI in the normal-weight range of 18.5–24.9 kg/m²
• Body composition analysis was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
• Clinical and biochemical evaluations were also included alongside DEXA measurements

Prediabetes in normal-weight women was associated with impaired glucose metabolism and central fat accumulation, reflecting a 'normal-weight obesity' phenotype.

• Central fat accumulation was particularly reflected by an elevated DEXA-derived android/gynoid fat ratio
• This phenotype was present despite normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m²)
• The findings emphasize the clinical relevance of body composition-based screening using DEXA-derived regional fat ratios
• The authors suggest this approach can identify high-risk normal-weight individuals and enable timely preventive interventions