Mortality risk in relation to diet quality assessed by the 2023 nutri-score nutrient profiling model: a prospective analysis.

Participants in the highest quintile of the uNS-NPM DI (reflecting poorer diet quality) had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to those in the lowest quintile.

• HR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.19-2.28; p-trend = 0.007
• Analysis conducted in 7,212 participants aged 55-80 years from the PREDIMED cohort
• Over a median follow-up of 6 years, 425 total deaths occurred
• Time-dependent Cox regression models were used, adjusting for relevant confounders
• Diet was assessed by validated food frequency questionnaires

Participants in the highest quintile of uNS-NPM DI had a substantially higher risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to those in the lowest quintile.

• HR: 3.21; 95% CI: 1.29-7.95; p-trend = 0.002
• 103 cardiovascular deaths occurred over the follow-up period
• This was the strongest mortality association observed across cause-specific outcomes

Participants in the highest quintile of uNS-NPM DI had an increased risk of death from other causes, though the trend was not statistically significant.

• HR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.11-3.07
• p-trend = 0.169 (not statistically significant)
• 153 deaths from other causes occurred over the follow-up period

No significant association was observed between uNS-NPM DI quintile and cancer mortality.

• HR for highest vs. lowest quintile: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.69-1.92; p-trend = 0.695
• 169 cancer deaths occurred over the follow-up period
• Cancer was the most common cause of death in the cohort

The PREDIMED cohort study included older adults at high cardiovascular risk followed prospectively over a median of 6 years.

• 7,212 participants aged 55-80 years were included
• Participants were at high cardiovascular risk
• Median follow-up was 6 years
• Average cumulative uNS-NPM DI was computed across quintiles using time-dependent Cox regression models
• The updated Nutri-Score nutrient profiling model was revised in 2023 to better align with dietary guidelines

The study was conducted in a Spanish Mediterranean cohort, addressing a gap in evidence on the validity and applicability of the uNS-NPM in Spanish populations.

• Evidence assessing the validity and applicability of the uNS-NPM 'remains limited, particularly in Spanish populations'
• The cohort was characterized as a 'Mediterranean cohort of older adults at high cardiovascular risk'
• Findings support the uNS-NPM DI as 'a valuable tool for diet quality assessment'