Phytotherapeutic Supplementation with Momordica charantia: Beneficial Effects in Patients with Suboptimal Glycemic Control on Double Antidiabetic Therapy-A Real-World Evidence Observational Study.

HbA1c declined significantly in the intervention group over the full study period, with continued improvement after Momordica charantia supplementation was added.

• In the intervention group, HbA1c decreased from 7.82 ± 0.58% at baseline to 6.93 ± 0.30% at 6 months and to 6.34 ± 0.42% at 9 months.
• The reduction in HbA1c between 6 and 9 months was significantly greater in patients receiving Momordica charantia compared with controls (p < 0.001).
• The control group showed only modest additional changes in glycemic parameters after 6 months.
• The intervention group comprised 70 patients with persistent inadequate glycemic control who received adjunctive standardized Momordica charantia extract for 3 months.

Fasting plasma glucose declined significantly in the intervention group, with additional reduction during the Momordica charantia supplementation phase.

• Fasting plasma glucose in the intervention group declined from 138.4 ± 17.5 mg/dL at baseline to 122.3 ± 13.1 mg/dL at 6 months and to 113.3 ± 12.2 mg/dL at 9 months.
• The reduction in fasting plasma glucose between 6 and 9 months was significantly greater in patients receiving Momordica charantia compared with controls (p < 0.001).
• The control group consisted of 85 patients who achieved glycemic targets and continued dual antidiabetic therapy alone.

Dapagliflozin add-on therapy was associated with significant improvements in body weight, BMI, and blood pressure at 6 months in both groups.

• Significant improvements in body weight, BMI, and blood pressure were observed at 6 months in both the intervention and control groups following dapagliflozin initiation.
• All patients were initially prescribed add-on dapagliflozin at 10 mg/day and re-evaluated after 6 months.
• These anthropometric and hemodynamic improvements occurred in the context of background metformin therapy.

Adjunctive Momordica charantia supplementation did not produce significant additional effects on anthropometric or hemodynamic parameters beyond those achieved with dapagliflozin.

• Momordica charantia supplementation during the 6-9 month interval was not associated with significant additional effects on body weight, BMI, or blood pressure.
• The beneficial effects of Momordica charantia were specific to glycemic parameters (HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose).
• Between-group analyses revealed divergent glycemic trajectories during the 6-9 month interval, but not divergent anthropometric or hemodynamic trajectories.

The study used a real-world, longitudinal, comparative cohort design with treatment escalation based on glycemic response at 6 months.

• This was a real-world evidence observational study conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving metformin therapy.
• Patients were stratified into intervention (n = 70) and control (n = 85) groups based on glycemic response after 6 months of dapagliflozin add-on therapy.
• Anthropometric, hemodynamic, and metabolic parameters were assessed at three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 9 months from baseline.
• The intervention group received a standardized Momordica charantia extract for 3 months (months 6 to 9).