Cardiovascular

Prevalence of Hypertension in Venezuela: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

TL;DR

The pooled prevalence of hypertension in Venezuela was 42% (95% CI: 39%-46%), meaning 4 out of 10 Venezuelan adults suffer from hypertension, a rate exceeding that reported in most regional and global studies.

Key Findings

The pooled prevalence of hypertension in Venezuela was 42% based on a global sample of 83,369 individuals.

  • Pooled prevalence: 42% (95% CI: 39%-46%)
  • High heterogeneity observed: I2 = 98.6%
  • Analysis based on 7 studies retained after sensitivity analysis from an initial 13 potentially relevant studies
  • Global sample size: 83,369 individuals
  • Meta-analysis used the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model with inverse variance weighting

Hypertension prevalence was higher in men than the overall pooled estimate.

  • Prevalence in men: 41% (95% CI: 33%-49%)
  • High heterogeneity in this subgroup: I2 = 97.6%
  • Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity

Hypertension prevalence was higher among individuals aged 50 years or older.

  • Prevalence in individuals aged ≥50 years: 45% (95% CI: 42%-48%)
  • High heterogeneity in this subgroup: I2 = 98.6%
  • Age ≥50 years represented a subgroup with elevated hypertension burden compared to the overall pooled estimate

Studies with national scope reported higher hypertension prevalence with comparatively lower heterogeneity.

  • Prevalence in studies with national scope: 49% (95% CI: 48%-50%)
  • Heterogeneity in nationally scoped studies: I2 = 62.6%
  • This subgroup had notably lower heterogeneity compared to the overall pooled estimate (I2 = 98.6%)

The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and used the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for qualitative methodological evaluation.

  • Literature search conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar
  • Search period: January 2004 to December 2024
  • Search conducted in both English and Spanish
  • Publication bias was analyzed using a funnel plot and Egger's regression test
  • Of 13 potentially relevant studies, 7 were retained after sensitivity analysis regarding heterogeneity

Venezuela's hypertension prevalence of 42% exceeds rates reported in most regional and global studies.

  • The authors state the rate exceeds 'that reported in most regional and global studies'
  • No prior studies had quantitatively synthesized epidemiological data on hypertension in Venezuela
  • This finding positions Venezuela as having a particularly high hypertension burden in comparative context

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Citation

Salazar J, Añez R, Briceño S, Bracho M, Esis C, Silva E, et al.. (2026). Prevalence of Hypertension in Venezuela: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.). https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.70235