Relationships between voice features and fat/lean body mass in Polish males and females.

In males, mean pitch (F0) showed reverse correlations with shoulder circumference and averaged fat-free mass (FFM) of arms.

• Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and partial correlations controlling for age were applied to 81 male participants
• The relationship was an inverse (reverse) correlation between mean pitch and both shoulder circumference and averaged FFM of arms
• Participants ranged in age from 18 to 72 years (mean: 34.1 ± 13.6 years)
• Voice recordings included vowel and sentence stimuli tasks

In males, the first formant (F1) showed positive relationships with fat mass (FM), BMI, and shoulder-to-hip ratio.

• Positive correlations were found between F1 and FM, BMI, and shoulder-to-hip ratio in the male group
• These associations were identified using canonical correlation analysis with partial correlations controlling for age
• Body composition was assessed using bioimpedance analysis to describe fat (FM) and lean (FFM) body mass
• The male subsample consisted of 81 men out of 204 total participants

In females, voice intensity showed positive associations with BMI, waist circumference, fat mass (FM) of trunk, and waist-to-hip ratio.

• The female group comprised 123 participants (204 total minus 81 men)
• Positive associations were found between voice intensity and BMI, waist circumference, FM of trunk, and waist-to-hip ratio
• Canonical correlation analysis and partial correlations controlling for age were used
• Anthropometric measurements included shoulder circumference, waist circumference, and hip measurements to calculate ratios

In females, maximum phonation time showed a positive relationship with fat-free mass (FFM).

• A positive relation between maximum phonation time and FFM was found in the female group
• This was identified alongside the voice intensity findings within the same female subsample
• Body composition was measured via bioimpedance analysis
• Partial correlations controlled for age across all analyses

The study identified sex-specific, distinct patterns of voice-body composition relationships using canonical correlation analysis in a sample of 204 Polish adults.

• Total sample: 204 participants (81 men, 123 women) aged 18–72 years (mean: 34.1 ± 13.6 years)
• All participants completed four tasks: preliminary survey, voice recordings, anthropometric measurements, and bioimpedance body composition analysis
• Voice recordings included both vowel and sentence stimuli
• Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and partial correlations controlling for age were the primary statistical methods
• The authors note that findings may be important for forensic science professionals and laryngologists