Cardiovascular

Retinal Characteristics in Eyes With Retinal Vein Occlusion Using Widefield Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

TL;DR

65-degree widefield swept-source OCTA imaging allows for precise noninvasive detection of vascular alterations in eyes with retinal vein occlusion, with ghost vessels and collateral vessels serving as indicators of underlying non-perfusion areas.

Key Findings

Non-perfusion areas (NPAs) were found in 69.1% of RVO eyes studied, with similar prevalence between CRVO and BRVO subtypes.

  • NPAs were present in 56 of 81 eyes (69.1%)
  • CRVO eyes with NPAs: 69.7% (n = 23 of 33)
  • BRVO eyes with NPAs: 68.8% (n = 33 of 48)
  • Median NPA size was 45.34 mm² (interquartile range 11.39–81.39 mm²)
  • NPAs were manually annotated on en face images using Fiji software

Ghost vessels showed a significant positive correlation with NPA size in eyes with RVO.

  • Spearman correlation coefficient rs = 0.49, P < 0.001, CI = 0.302–0.64
  • This was the strongest correlation observed among all retinal features and NPA size
  • Ghost vessels may be indicators of underlying NPAs in RVO

Collateral vessels showed a significant positive correlation with NPA size in eyes with RVO.

  • Spearman correlation coefficient rs = 0.344, P = 0.002, CI = 0.136–0.523
  • For BRVO specifically, collateral vessels were identified as potential indicators for underlying NPAs
  • Collateral vessels were among the retinal features graded on an extended ETDRS grid up to 18 mm

Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) size showed a significant negative correlation with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

  • Spearman correlation coefficient rs = -0.429, P < 0.001, CI = -0.593 to -0.231
  • Larger FAZ size was associated with worse BCVA
  • FAZ was among the retinal features graded on the extended ETDRS grid

For BRVO eyes specifically, multiple retinal features were identified as potential indicators for underlying NPAs.

  • Collateral vessels, intraretinal fluid (IRF), intraretinal/preretinal hemorrhage (IRH), and crossing signs (CS) were identified as indicators of underlying NPAs in BRVO
  • BRVO comprised 59.3% of the study cohort (n = 48 eyes)
  • Median disease duration for the overall cohort was 25 months (interquartile range 11–53 months)

The study cohort consisted of 81 patients with RVO imaged using a custom-built 65-degree widefield swept-source OCTA prototype.

  • 81 eyes (48 right, 33 left) of 81 patients were analyzed
  • 50.6% women, mean age 65 ± 12.4 years
  • 33 eyes (40.7%) had CRVO and 48 (59.3%) had BRVO
  • The custom-built prototype had an A-scan rate of 1.7 megahertz (MHz)
  • Patients required symptoms >3 months duration for inclusion; retinal features were graded on an extended ETDRS grid up to 18 mm

Have a question about this study?

Citation

Iby J, Kreminger J, Stino H, Niederleithner M, Yeghiazaryan L, Schlegl T, et al.. (2026). Retinal Characteristics in Eyes With Retinal Vein Occlusion Using Widefield Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.. Investigative ophthalmology &amp; visual science. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.67.3.45