Sexual Health

Sexual health of patients with lung cancer: a systematic review.

TL;DR

Lung cancer significantly impairs patients' sexual health across several domains, including sexual function, sexual satisfaction, and communication about sexual issues, underscoring the necessity for healthcare professionals to initiate conversations about sexuality with patients at various stages of treatment.

Key Findings

A systematic review of 1058 identified articles found only 10 met inclusion criteria for specifically examining sexual health in lung cancer patients, reflecting the topic's underrepresentation in research.

  • 1058 articles were identified in the database search
  • Only 10 articles met inclusion criteria, reporting findings from 9 distinct studies
  • The PRISMA method was used for data extraction
  • Articles were evaluated using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool (CCAT)
  • The review was registered with PROSPERO (n° CRD42023469593)

Lung cancer significantly impairs patients' sexual health across multiple domains including sexual function, sexual satisfaction, and communication about sexual issues.

  • Sexual health impairment was found across several distinct domains
  • Affected domains include sexual function, sexual satisfaction, and communication about sexual issues
  • The impact is described as 'significant' across the reviewed literature
  • The findings parallel sexual health impacts documented in other cancer types

The existing literature on sexual health in lung cancer predominantly addresses the experiences of young, male, heterosexual patients and couples, indicating significant gaps in representation.

  • Reviewed studies were predominantly focused on young patients
  • Male patients were overrepresented in the existing literature
  • Heterosexual patients and couples were the primary study populations
  • This demographic skew was noted as a limitation of the current evidence base

Age, gender, treatments, and mood disorders were identified as influential factors on sexual health outcomes in lung cancer patients.

  • Four key factors were discussed: age, gender, treatments, and mood disorders
  • Mood disorders were specifically highlighted as a relevant influence on sexual health
  • The interaction of cancer treatments with sexual health was examined across studies
  • These factors were discussed in the context of the reviewed literature's findings

Healthcare professionals are underscoring the need to initiate conversations about sexuality with lung cancer patients at various stages of their treatment.

  • The reviewed studies collectively highlight a need for clinician-initiated sexual health discussions
  • Conversations are recommended at 'various stages' of treatment, not only at diagnosis or end of treatment
  • Sexual health concerns are described as 'frequently overlooked in treatment and research'
  • Sexual health is noted as 'crucial to quality of life' in this patient population

Lung cancer and its treatment have a significant impact on patients' sexual health and overall quality of life, consistent with findings reported for other cancer types.

  • The impact on sexual health is described as comparable to that seen in other cancers
  • Both the disease itself and its treatments contribute to sexual health impairment
  • Sexual health is framed as an important but neglected component of quality of life in lung cancer
  • Lung cancer is noted as the world's second most common cancer, amplifying the public health relevance of these findings

What This Means

This research suggests that lung cancer — the world's second most common cancer — has a meaningful negative impact on patients' sexual health, affecting their ability to function sexually, feel satisfied with their sexual lives, and talk openly about sexual concerns with partners or healthcare providers. Despite how common lung cancer is and how important sexual health is to overall quality of life, only 10 studies specifically examining this topic were found across more than 1,000 scientific articles reviewed, suggesting that this area has been significantly neglected in medical research and clinical care. The review also found that what little research does exist has focused narrowly on young, male, heterosexual patients and couples, leaving major gaps in understanding how lung cancer affects women, older adults, LGBTQ+ individuals, and others. Factors such as age, gender, the type of treatments received, and the presence of mood disorders like depression or anxiety all appear to play a role in shaping patients' sexual health experiences. This research suggests that doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals should proactively bring up the topic of sexual health with lung cancer patients throughout the course of treatment — not just at one point in time — since patients may not raise these concerns on their own even though they are important to their wellbeing. The findings highlight a need for more inclusive and comprehensive research, as well as better clinical support, to address this overlooked dimension of cancer care.

Have a question about this study?

Citation

Zanni L, Fasse L, Letot J, Fromage M, Flahault C. (2025). Sexual health of patients with lung cancer: a systematic review.. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-025-10000-2