Cardiovascular

Spontaneous intracochlear haemorrhage as differential diagnosis to stroke.

TL;DR

A rare case of spontaneous intracochlear haemorrhage causing unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo was initially suspected as stroke, highlighting the importance of imaging timing for establishing diagnosis and considerations for auditory rehabilitation.

Key Findings

Spontaneous intracochlear haemorrhage can present with symptoms mimicking stroke, including unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo.

  • The patient was a male in his early 70s.
  • The initial clinical suspicion was stroke, indicating the diagnostic challenge posed by this condition.
  • The presentation included both unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo.

Imaging timing is a critical factor in establishing the diagnosis of intracochlear haemorrhage.

  • The report covers the importance of timing for establishing the diagnosis using imaging modalities.
  • The case highlights that appropriate timing of imaging is necessary to differentiate intracochlear haemorrhage from stroke.
  • The specific imaging modalities used and optimal timing windows are discussed as key diagnostic considerations.

Auditory rehabilitation is a relevant consideration in cases of intracochlear haemorrhage resulting in persistent hearing loss.

  • The report addresses considerations for auditory rehabilitation in persisting hearing loss following intracochlear haemorrhage.
  • The case involved unilateral hearing loss, which has implications for rehabilitation options.
  • The rarity of the condition makes awareness of rehabilitation pathways particularly important for clinicians encountering this diagnosis.

Spontaneous intracochlear haemorrhage is identified as a rare differential diagnosis to stroke in patients presenting with acute audiovestibular symptoms.

  • The condition is described as 'rare' by the authors.
  • The case occurred spontaneously, without a clearly identified precipitating traumatic cause.
  • The overlap of symptoms between intracochlear haemorrhage and posterior circulation stroke necessitates its inclusion in the differential diagnosis.

What This Means

This research describes the case of a man in his early 70s who suddenly lost hearing in one ear and experienced dizziness. Because these symptoms can also occur with strokes, doctors initially suspected he had suffered a stroke. However, he was ultimately found to have bleeding inside the cochlea — the snail-shaped structure in the inner ear responsible for hearing — a condition called spontaneous intracochlear haemorrhage. This is a very rare condition, and this case report highlights how it can be mistaken for a stroke. The report emphasizes that the timing of medical imaging is crucial for making the correct diagnosis. Because blood appears differently on scans depending on how old it is, getting the imaging done at the right time can make the difference between identifying the bleeding in the cochlea and missing it entirely. This distinction matters because the treatment and follow-up care for an inner ear bleed differs from that for a stroke. This research suggests that doctors encountering patients with sudden hearing loss and dizziness should consider intracochlear haemorrhage as a possible explanation, even when stroke seems more likely. It also raises awareness that patients with this condition who are left with lasting hearing loss may benefit from auditory rehabilitation, such as hearing aids or other assistive devices, and that planning for such support should be part of their ongoing care.

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Citation

Young M, Antulov R, Agger-Nielsen H. (2026). Spontaneous intracochlear haemorrhage as differential diagnosis to stroke.. BMJ case reports. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2025-268745