Study on nutritional status and incidence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with chronic heart failure.

The incidence of sarcopenia among elderly CHF patients was 30.33%.

• 122 elderly CHF patients admitted to The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from March 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled.
• 37 out of 122 patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia.
• Sarcopenia diagnosis was conducted within 24 hours after admission using body composition analysis and other assessments.

The prevalence of malnutrition was significantly higher in the sarcopenia group compared to the non-sarcopenia group.

• Statistical significance was reported at p < 0.05.
• Nutritional status assessments were conducted within 24 hours after admission for all participants.
• Elderly CHF patients as a whole were noted to exhibit a higher risk of malnutrition.

Patients with sarcopenia exhibited lower levels of albumin and hemoglobin compared to non-sarcopenic patients.

• Differences in albumin and hemoglobin levels between groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
• Laboratory parameter testing was conducted within 24 hours after admission.
• These findings suggest a nutritional and hematological deficit associated with sarcopenia in this population.

Sarcopenic patients had elevated inflammatory markers including IL-6, SII, NLR, and PLR compared to non-sarcopenic patients.

• Elevated Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte-Ratio (NLR), and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte-Ratio (PLR) were observed in the sarcopenia group (p < 0.05).
• The presence of sarcopenia was found to correlate with elevated inflammatory markers.
• These markers were assessed from laboratory testing conducted within 24 hours of admission.

The sarcopenia group showed significantly reduced body composition parameters compared to the non-sarcopenia group.

• Reduced fat-free mass, muscle mass, upper arm circumference, Phase Angle, and grip strength were observed in the sarcopenia group (p < 0.05).
• Body composition analysis was performed within 24 hours after admission.
• The presence of sarcopenia correlated with poorer body composition outcomes.

BMI, protein, mineral, and triceps skinfold thickness were identified as protective factors against sarcopenia in elderly CHF patients.

• These associations were identified through multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding factors.
• Age was also noted to correlate with sarcopenia.
• Triceps skinfold thickness was included as a protective factor alongside nutritional composition variables.