The effect of resveratrol supplementation on anthropometric indices, adiponectin and leptin levels in individuals with overweight and obesity: a graded, systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Resveratrol supplementation significantly reduced waist circumference in individuals with overweight and obesity.

• WMD: -1.93 cm; 95% CI: -3.10, -0.76; P = 0.001
• This was the only anthropometric outcome that reached statistical significance in the primary analysis
• Meta-analysis included 23 RCTs with 1005 participants
• Databases searched included Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed up to September 2025

Resveratrol supplementation did not significantly affect body weight in individuals with overweight and obesity.

• WMD: -1.42 kg; 95% CI: -3.19, 0.35; P = 0.117
• 23 RCTs involving 1005 participants were included in the meta-analysis
• The direction of effect was toward weight reduction but did not reach statistical significance

Resveratrol supplementation did not significantly affect BMI in individuals with overweight and obesity.

• WMD: -0.47 kg/m²; 95% CI: -0.96, 0.01; P = 0.055
• The result narrowly missed statistical significance
• The direction of effect was toward BMI reduction

Resveratrol supplementation did not significantly affect fat mass, body fat percentage, fat-free mass, or waist-hip ratio.

• Fat mass WMD: 0.47 kg; 95% CI: -1.75, 2.69; P = 0.679
• Body fat percentage WMD: -0.88%; 95% CI: -1.91, 0.15; P = 0.094
• Fat-free mass WMD: 1.42 kg; 95% CI: -1.04, 3.89; P = 0.257
• Waist-hip ratio WMD: -0.00; 95% CI: -0.01, 0.00; P = 0.436

Resveratrol supplementation did not significantly affect serum adiponectin or leptin levels.

• Adiponectin WMD: 1.84 µg/mL; 95% CI: -2.25, 5.95; P = 0.378
• Leptin WMD: 1.87 ng/mL; 95% CI: -3.84, 7.60; P = 0.521
• Neither adipokine outcome reached statistical significance in the primary analysis

Subgroup analyses revealed significant reductions in body weight and BMI with resveratrol doses less than 1000 mg/day, intervention durations of 12 weeks or longer, and in female participants.

• Dose subgroup: significant effects observed at doses <1000 mg/day
• Duration subgroup: significant effects observed with interventions ≥12 weeks
• Sex subgroup: significant reductions in body weight and BMI found specifically in females
• These subgroup findings contrast with the non-significant primary analyses for body weight and BMI

Fat-free mass increased significantly among participants aged less than 50 years in subgroup analyses.

• Significant increase in FFM was observed in the age subgroup of participants <50 years
• This was not significant in the primary analysis (WMD: 1.42 kg; 95% CI: -1.04, 3.89; P = 0.257)
• This finding emerged from subgroup analysis and should be interpreted cautiously

Leptin levels were significantly elevated in subgroup analyses stratified by sex, observed in both males and females.

• Significant elevation in leptin was found in both sexes in sex-stratified subgroup analyses
• The primary analysis for leptin was non-significant (WMD: 1.87 ng/mL; 95% CI: -3.84, 7.60; P = 0.521)
• The direction of the leptin effect in the primary analysis was positive, indicating a potential increase rather than decrease

The systematic review and meta-analysis included 23 randomized controlled trials involving 1005 participants who had overweight or obesity.

• Eligible RCTs were identified through searches of Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed up to September 2025
• Inclusion criteria required participants to have overweight or obesity
• The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42024497932
• A graded systematic review methodology was employed