The influence of polymorphisms in cytokine genes on pain and response to palliative radiotherapy in multiple myeloma patients: prospective observational study.

Karnofsky index ≥60% and IL1RN rs2234677 GG genotype were found to have significant impact on severe pain prior to radiation.

• 81 multiple myeloma patients were enrolled in this prospective observational study.
• Pain severity and analgesic dose were evaluated prior to radiotherapy and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks following treatment.
• IL1RN rs2234677 is a polymorphism in the IL-1 receptor antagonist encoding gene.
• The study analyzed 12 gene polymorphisms across 6 cytokines: IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-1RA.

Patients with the IL1A rs1800587 CC genotype had significantly better response to palliative radiotherapy.

• IL1A rs1800587 is a polymorphism in the IL-1α encoding gene.
• Response to radiotherapy was assessed at 4, 12, and 24 weeks post-treatment.
• This finding highlights the role of IL-1α gene variation in modulating radiotherapy outcomes for pain in multiple myeloma.

Patients with the IL1B rs1143634 CC genotype had significantly better response to palliative radiotherapy.

• IL1B rs1143634 is a polymorphism in the IL-1β encoding gene.
• Both IL1A rs1800587 CC and IL1B rs1143634 CC genotypes were independently associated with better radiotherapy response.
• These findings emphasize the importance of inflammatory interleukin gene polymorphisms in predicting pain treatment outcomes.

Patients with the IL1RN rs315952 CC genotype had a faster response to palliative radiation.

• IL1RN rs315952 is a distinct polymorphism from IL1RN rs2234677, both located in the IL-1 receptor antagonist encoding gene.
• The faster response was identified among the time points assessed at 4, 12, and 24 weeks post-radiotherapy.
• Two separate IL1RN polymorphisms (rs2234677 and rs315952) were each associated with different aspects of pain and radiotherapy response.

The study analyzed 12 gene polymorphisms of 6 cytokines involved in pain syndrome pathogenesis in 81 multiple myeloma patients undergoing palliative radiotherapy.

• The six cytokines studied were IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-1RA.
• Pain severity and dose of analgesics were evaluated as outcome measures.
• Assessments were conducted prior to radiotherapy and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks following treatment.
• The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02024815) and approved by a regional research ethical committee (BE-2-39).