The leuko-glycemic index (LGI) was identified as an independent predictor of unfavorable prognosis after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage surgery, with an LGI exceeding 98.38 associated with a higher likelihood of poor functional recovery.
The majority of spontaneous ICH patients undergoing neurosurgical operation had unfavorable outcomes at 90 days.
LGI was identified as an independent predictor of unfavorable prognosis after ICH surgery via binary logistic regression.
An LGI threshold of 98.38 was identified as the optimal cut-point for predicting poor functional recovery via ROC analysis.
Both preoperative LGI and admission GCS score serve as reliable indicators of clinical prognosis in spontaneous ICH patients undergoing neurosurgical operation.
This research suggests that a combined measure called the leuko-glycemic index (LGI) — which reflects both inflammation (white blood cell count) and blood sugar levels — can help predict how well patients will recover after surgery for spontaneous brain bleeding (intracerebral hemorrhage). The study followed 720 patients over 10 years and found that nearly 69% had poor functional outcomes 90 days after surgery. Patients with an LGI above 98.38 at the time of hospital admission were more likely to have poor recovery, while those with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 9 or higher tended to do better. The study found that LGI was an independent predictor of poor outcomes, meaning its association with recovery held even after accounting for other factors like age and the presence of bleeding in the brain's ventricles. This suggests that elevated blood sugar and high white blood cell counts together — both signs of physiological stress — are meaningful warning signs in this patient population. This research suggests that LGI could be a simple, accessible tool for clinicians to use alongside existing measures like the GCS to better assess surgical risk and prognosis in spontaneous ICH patients. Because LGI is calculated from routine blood tests already performed on admission, it could potentially be incorporated into clinical decision-making without additional cost or testing. However, as a retrospective single-center study, further validation in larger and more diverse populations would be needed before widespread clinical adoption.
Sun J, Zhan Y, Zhang A, Fan M. (2026). The predictive value of the leuko-glycemic index in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patients undergoing neurosurgical operation: a retrospective cohort study.. Frontiers in neurology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1887070