Sleep

The Relationship Between Emotional Eating Behavior and Internet Addiction in Junior High School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

TL;DR

Emotional eating is associated with internet addiction in junior high school students through independent and chain-mediating effects of sleep quality and depression, revealing a statistical mediation pathway of 'maladaptive emotion regulation → circadian disruption → psychopathology → addictive behavior.'

Key Findings

Emotional eating was positively but modestly associated with internet addiction in junior high school students.

  • The direct association between emotional eating and internet addiction was β = 0.024, p < 0.01.
  • The study was based on data from 3245 junior high school students in Shenzhen, China.
  • Internet addiction was measured using Young's questionnaire and emotional eating was assessed via the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire's subscale.
  • The study used a cross-sectional design, limiting causal inference.

Sleep quality independently mediated the relationship between emotional eating and internet addiction.

  • The mediation pathway emotional eating → sleep quality → internet addiction had β = 0.0062.
  • This pathway accounted for 14.52% of the total effect.
  • Sleep quality was measured using the PSQI, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality.
  • The PROCESS macro (Model 6) was used to test the mediating effects.

Depression independently mediated the relationship between emotional eating and internet addiction.

  • The mediation pathway emotional eating → depression → internet addiction had β = 0.0084.
  • This pathway accounted for 19.67% of the total effect, making it the largest single mediating pathway identified.
  • This represented the strongest individual indirect pathway among the three identified.

Sleep quality and depression together formed a significant chain-mediation pathway between emotional eating and internet addiction.

  • The chain-mediation pathway emotional eating → sleep quality → depression → internet addiction had β = 0.0041.
  • This chain-mediation pathway accounted for 9.60% of the total effect.
  • This finding suggests that poor sleep quality may contribute to depression, which in turn contributes to internet addiction.
  • Three total significant mediating pathways were identified in the analysis.

The three identified mediating pathways together accounted for approximately 43.79% of the total effect of emotional eating on internet addiction.

  • Pathway 1 (via sleep quality alone) accounted for 14.52% of the total effect.
  • Pathway 2 (via depression alone) accounted for 19.67% of the total effect.
  • Pathway 3 (via sleep quality then depression) accounted for 9.60% of the total effect.
  • Combined, the three pathways account for approximately 43.79% of the total effect, suggesting additional pathways or direct effects also contribute.

The study identified a statistical mediation pathway described as 'maladaptive emotion regulation → circadian disruption → psychopathology → addictive behavior' in adolescents.

  • The authors framed emotional eating as a form of maladaptive emotion regulation.
  • Circadian disruption was operationalized as poor sleep quality (PSQI scores).
  • Psychopathology was operationalized as depression.
  • The cross-sectional design prevents establishment of temporal or causal relationships between these variables.

What This Means

This research suggests that among junior high school students in Shenzhen, China, emotional eating — using food to cope with feelings — is linked to internet addiction, and that this relationship is partly explained by two psychological factors: poor sleep and depression. Researchers surveyed 3,245 students and found that emotional eating was associated with worse sleep quality, which in turn was linked to higher rates of depression, and that depression was then associated with greater internet addiction. Each step in this chain — emotional eating to poor sleep, poor sleep to depression, and depression to internet addiction — contributed meaningfully to the overall connection. The study identified three distinct pathways connecting emotional eating to internet addiction: one running through poor sleep alone (accounting for about 15% of the total connection), one running through depression alone (about 20%), and one running through both poor sleep and then depression in sequence (about 10%). Together, these pathways explained roughly 44% of the total association, suggesting there are likely other factors also involved. This research suggests that interventions aimed at reducing internet addiction in teenagers might benefit from addressing not just screen time directly, but also the upstream factors of emotional regulation skills, sleep hygiene, and mental health support. Because the study was cross-sectional — meaning it measured everything at one point in time — it cannot confirm that emotional eating actually causes internet addiction, only that the two are statistically associated in a pattern consistent with the proposed pathway.

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Citation

Li X, Xue B, Wu H, Luo A, Yang L, Xu X, et al.. (2026). The Relationship Between Emotional Eating Behavior and Internet Addiction in Junior High School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18050800