Cardiovascular

TREAT: A Multicentre Cross-sectional TReatment Evaluation of Apparent Resistant hyperTension in Belgium.

TL;DR

Among patients referred to specialized centers for apparent treatment resistant hypertension in Belgium, the prevalence of true resistant hypertension was estimated at 21.9%, with pseudo-resistant hypertension mainly associated with underuse of triple combination therapy and suboptimal dosing.

Key Findings

The prevalence of true resistant hypertension among patients referred for apparent treatment resistant hypertension was estimated at 21.9%.

  • 95% CI: 14.7%–30.6%
  • 201 eligible patients were included in the cross-sectional survey
  • About 3 out of 4 patients presented with pseudo-resistant hypertension
  • Study was a single-visit, multicentric, non-interventional, cross-sectional survey conducted in Belgium
  • Inclusion criteria required patients over 18 years receiving 3 or more antihypertensive molecules and referred to specialized hospital centers for aTRH

Only 56.7% of patients were treated with the guideline-recommended triple combination therapy.

  • Guideline-recommended triple combination therapy consists of a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor, calcium channel blocker, and thiazide (-like) diuretic
  • Half of the participants were polymedicated with non-recommended combinations of antihypertensive molecules
  • A third of patients were not using a single pill combination
  • Sample included 201 eligible patients referred to specialized centers

Only 23.4% of patients were treated with the maximally recommended antihypertensive dose.

  • Inadequate dosing was observed in the majority of patients
  • Suboptimal dosing was identified as one of the main factors associated with pseudo-resistant hypertension
  • This finding was based on 201 included patients across multiple centers in Belgium

White coat hypertension (WCH) was present in 8.7% of patients with available ambulatory blood pressure recordings.

  • WCH was assessed in 115 patients who had available ambulatory blood pressure recordings
  • WCH occurrence appeared rather limited in this study population
  • Not all 201 patients had ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data available

Therapeutic adherence was self-reported as poor or moderate by 20% of patients.

  • 80% of patients self-reported good therapeutic adherence
  • 20% reported poor or moderate adherence
  • Poor adherence appeared rather limited as a contributor to pseudo-resistant hypertension in this cohort
  • Adherence was assessed by self-report, which may be subject to reporting bias

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Citation

Sofie B, Justine H, Mathilde C, Bregt V, Dirk D, Daniel M. (2026). TREAT: A Multicentre Cross-sectional TReatment Evaluation of Apparent Resistant hyperTension in Belgium.. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.). https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.70230