Exercise & Training
436 peer-reviewed studies indexed
Acute Resistance Exercise Temporarily Reduces Circulating Adiponectin in Trained Young Men: A Pilot Study.
Acute resistance exercise elicited a time-dependent decrease in circulating adiponectin irrespective of time under tension, with no significant linear relationship between CK elevation and adiponectin reduction, and salivary adiponectin remained unchanged throughout.
Enhancing Adherence to Home-Based Expiratory Muscle Strength Training in Parkinson Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial of an mHealth Intervention.
SpiroGym-assisted EMST resulted in higher long-term adherence and greater gains in expiratory muscle strength than conventional EMST in Parkinson disease patients at risk for nonadherence.
Resistance-based exercise restores muscle health in dialysis patients.
Personalized resistance-based exercise restores the expression of genes and proteins associated with muscle stemness, regeneration, differentiation, and energy generation in dialysis patients.
Effects of Exercise on Cognitive Impairment in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: A Multicenter Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial.
EXCAP exercise intervention may reduce cancer-related cognitive impairment and mental fatigue, particularly in patients receiving 2-week cycles of chemotherapy, and a healthy inflammatory response characterized by increases in both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is associated with less cognitive impairment during chemotherapy.
[Exercise Load Classification and Perceptual Difference Awareness Training Based on Exercise Load Entropy Theory in University Students].
Among college students, the perception of exercise load changes nonlinearly as the load level increases, and the Weber fraction decreases as the load intensifies.
Effects of a Text Message-Based Lifestyle Intervention on HbA1c and Health Behaviors in Older Adults with Prediabetes.
Text message-based interventions may serve as an effective adjunctive self-management strategy to improve HbA1c levels and promote healthy habits in older adults with prediabetes.
Acute Responses and Chronic Adaptations to Cluster Versus Traditional Set Resistance Training in Males and Females.
Both cluster set and traditional set protocols improved muscle strength and endurance comparably, but cluster sets provided superior fatigue management, better preservation of barbell velocity, and unique load-velocity profile adaptations.
Bot fit: A novel approach to assessing lower limb muscular strength.
Bot Fit, an innovative hip-joint exoskeleton, provides a reliable, data-driven method for muscular strength assessment with hierarchical cluster analysis achieving an accuracy of 0.89 and a regression model correlation coefficient of 0.86.
Post-Exercise Controlled Breathing Enhances Cardiovascular Recovery and Autonomic Balance: A Randomised Crossover Study.
Hyperventilation performed before or after exercise induced distinct short-term cardiovascular and muscular responses, with timing influencing autonomic, haemodynamic, and muscle oxygenation outcomes in healthy young men.
Physical Activity Before and During Pregnancy and Neurodevelopment in Early Childhood.
Maternal physical activity before and during pregnancy was associated with child neurodevelopment, particularly for motor function between 6 months and 1 year of age.
Lifestyle factors affecting the pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia: a literature review.
Lifestyle factors including dietary habits, sleep patterns, ultraviolet radiation, exercise, and hairstyles affect the pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia through multiple underlying mechanisms, and establishing effective lifestyle intervention protocols may help delay disease progression in long-term management.
Physical Characteristics That Differentiate Playing Levels of Male Rugby Union Players: A Systematic Review.
Higher-level male Rugby Union athletes consistently demonstrated superior heavy dynamic strength and fast dynamic strength as key differentiators of playing levels, while findings for sprint speed and acceleration were inconsistent across 54 eligible studies.
One Size Does Not Fit All: A Meta-Analysis of 115 Trials Comparing High-Intensity Interval and Moderate-to-Vigorous-Intensity Continuous Training Across Diverse Participants, Protocols, and Outcomes.
Compared to MVICT, HIIT offers superior benefits for improving maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic capacity, whereas both modalities show comparable outcomes for intensity thresholds, exercise economy, and physical performance, with the relative superiority of HIIT influenced by participant characteristics and HIIT protocol characteristics.
Mind-body exercise and anxiety in middle-aged and older adults: a sequential mediation model of emotion regulation and sleep quality.
Mind-body exercise was significantly and negatively associated with anxiety in middle-aged and older adults, with emotion regulation and sleep quality operating as sequential mediators linking mind-body exercise to anxiety.
Traditional physical exercise and depression in older adults: the mediating role of interoceptive awareness and the moderating effect of perceived stress.
Traditional physical exercise was associated with lower depressive symptoms in older adults, partly accounted for by interoceptive awareness, with perceived stress moderating the strength of the exercise-interoceptive awareness association.
The mediating roles of physical exercise and social-psychological stress in the relationship between socioeconomic status and self-rated health.
Physical exercise and social-psychological stress play partial mediating roles in the association between socioeconomic status and self-rated health, accounting for 6.7% and 14.2% of the total impact of SES on SRH, respectively.
Physical activity and risk of adverse events in atrial fibrillation: evidence from European and Asian cohorts.
In patients with atrial fibrillation, self-reported physical activity is associated with a lower risk of adverse events, consistently across Europe and Asia, with physically active patients showing lower risk of composite outcome, all-cause death, MACE, and cardiovascular death.
Effects of combined trunk stretching and lumbar stabilization exercises for chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomized clinical trial.
Both active trunk stretching combined with lumbar segmental stabilization and placebo stretching combined with lumbar segmental stabilization produced significant reductions in pain intensity and functional disability in chronic nonspecific low back pain patients, with no statistically significant differences observed between the groups, suggesting that lumbar segmental stabilization exercises alone are sufficient.
Human Performance Across the Extreme- and Severe-Intensity Domains: Insights from Decremental and Priming Exercise Protocols.
W'EXT is smaller than W'SVR during cycling, and performance within the extreme-intensity domain is limited by mechanisms, at least in part, different from those that limit performance within the severe-intensity domain.
High-intensity interval training for reducing cardiometabolic syndrome in healthy but sedentary populations.
Compared with a non-exercise control, HIIT likely increases cardiorespiratory fitness and reduces waist circumference slightly, and compared with MICT, HIIT may increase cardiorespiratory fitness slightly, but the evidence is low to very low certainty for most other cardiometabolic outcomes, precluding firm conclusions.
Effects of Low-Carbohydrate and Ketogenic Diets on Aerobic Performance in Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets reliably induce metabolic adaptation with dramatically increased fat oxidative capacity, but aerobic performance responses are nuanced, with preserved maximal aerobic power, transient submaximal efficiency impairments, and context-dependent endurance effects that follow a 1-week adaptation threshold.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Various Gastrointestinal Malignancies.
Survival rate in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies is significantly associated with factors such as age, family history, tumor location (colon and pancreas), history of smoking, concomitant disease, metastasis (rectal cancer), and physical activity.
Exercise training and balance function in middle-aged and older adults with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a GRADE-based systematic review and meta-analysis.
Exercise training may confer beneficial effects on both static and dynamic balance function in middle-aged and older adults with DPN, although the certainty of evidence is generally low to very low, and no significant effect was found on six-minute walking capacity.
Cardiac responses and adaptations to blood flow restriction exercise.
Blood flow restriction exercise uniquely challenges the heart through increased afterload, altered diastolic filling, and reduced stroke volume, and repeated BFR training improves stroke volume specifically during BFR exercise but does not affect LV mass or resting function.
Barriers to Exercise Participation in Individuals with Fibromyalgia in a Workplace Setting.
Among employed adults with FM, symptom severity alone did not appear to distinguish those who engaged in regular exercise from those who did not; instead, modifiable workplace and environmental barriers were indicated as key factors influencing exercise participation.
Effectiveness of a family-school-community collaborative physical activity intervention.
A family-school-community collaborative PA intervention was associated with improvements in exercise cognition and perceived benefits in primary school students, while incremental between-group gains in PA were modest and not statistically robust after accounting for class clustering.
Skin CO2 sniffing for wearable metabolic monitoring.
A wearable on-skin gas-sniffing system quantifies skin-emitted CO2 and demonstrates strong correlations with exhaled CO2 and metabolic rate, with skin-emitted CO2 approximately four orders of magnitude lower than exhaled CO2.
Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Cancer Mortality Among Cancer Survivors.
Higher levels of leisure-time moderate to vigorous physical activity after a cancer diagnosis were associated with lower risk of cancer mortality among survivors of bladder, endometrial, lung, oral, and rectal cancers not commonly studied for this association.
Resistance training and subcortical vascular cognitive impairment: A 12-month randomized trial.
Progressive resistance training may have a small beneficial effect on cognitive function in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment, with significant improvements in ADAS-Cog-Plus scores and C-reactive protein levels over 12 months.
Walking back to the snow.
A multidisciplinary team used epidural electrical stimulation, custom orthoses, and personalized rehabilitation to help a man with a severe spinal cord injury achieve significant milestones including walking outdoors on snow.
Understanding barriers and facilitators of adherence to lifestyle changes in prediabetes: a qualitative study.
Gender and social class play a key role in prediabetes management, with women facing barriers including work overload and caregiving responsibilities while lower socioeconomic backgrounds create additional challenges, and trust-based relationships with healthcare professionals emerging as important facilitators of sustained lifestyle change.
Oral amino acid tracer delivery detects feeding and exercise changes in myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in male adults.
Oral essential amino acid tracer ingestion can be used as an alternative method to detect changes in myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in response to mixed macronutrient feeding and feeding plus exercise where intravenous isotope administration is logistically difficult or prohibitively expensive.
Safety and efficacy of intensive task-specific training in people with recent spinal cord injury: a phase 3, pragmatic, randomised, assessor-blinded, superiority trial.
Intensive task-specific training supplemented with strength training provided in people with recent SCI did not result in significant benefits on primary and secondary clinical outcomes, and the evidence does not support any beneficial effect of additional training for those receiving usual inpatient rehabilitation care from a multi-disciplinary team.
The effects of structured aerobic exercise and mind-body exercise on cognitive function in older adults with MCI: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Mind-body exercise demonstrates superior cognitive benefits compared with structured aerobic exercise in older adults with MCI, with optimal parameters of at least 3 times per week, 60 minutes per session, for at least 20 weeks.
Ensuring safety of exercise training through non-invasive measurement of cardiac function: A pilot study in adults.
Non-invasive hemodynamic data from the AESCULON mini correlated with BNP and exercise capacity, suggesting its usefulness for detecting heart failure progression and estimating exercise capacity in cardiac rehabilitation.
Exercise alleviates cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease mice via skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles that enhance plaque clearance by microglia.
Exercise-induced skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles (SKM-EVs) carrying miR-378a-3p alleviate cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mice by promoting disease-associated microglia polarization and enhancing amyloid-beta plaque clearance via lipid metabolism regulation targeting p110α.