Exercise & Training
436 peer-reviewed studies indexed
Optimizing Exercise Strategies for Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity: A Network Meta-Analysis.
Exercise interventions improved fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, with HIIT most effective for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, while combined training best lowered fasting glucose.
A pragmatic assessment of the influence of data processing on Bluetooth oximetry in pulmonary rehabilitation.
Averaging remote pulse oximeter readings over longer time periods may increase data availability without affecting inter-device agreement during exercise.
Exercise Counseling and Referral Practices Among Oncology Care Physicians in Latin America: A Multinational Survey Study.
Despite awareness of exercise benefits, counseling and referral remain suboptimal in Latin America, with barriers including structural, knowledge, and cultural factors, while provider training and institutional support improve practices.
"I've never had anyone listen to my story like that": Understanding the social validity of biographical mapping as an intake process in the context of personalized exercise programming.
Biographical mapping (bioMAP) demonstrated preliminary feasibility and social validity as an intake process for personalized exercise programming, with participants identifying meaningful patterns in their exercise histories while navigating vulnerability and psychological safety.
Self-reported physical activity and attention performance in children aged 10-11 years.
Self-reported physical activity showed small but statistically significant associations with selected attention outcomes, particularly processing speed and concentration, in 10-11-year-old school children.
Physical inactivity in chronic airways disease: an important candidate in the treatable traits paradigm.
Physical inactivity is highly prevalent across chronic airways diseases and is consistently associated with established clinical outcome measures, supporting its consideration within the treatable traits framework as part of routine disease evaluation and management.
Socio-ecological factors of health literacy and physical activity among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
Using LASSO regression with bootstrap resampling, this cross-sectional study identified that regular exercise and sleep duration were positive correlates of physical activity, female sex and sedentary time were negative correlates, and monthly income and regular exercise were positive correlates of health literacy among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
Labour-type physical activity, alcohol use and hypertension in rural older adults in Northeast China.
In rural older adults in Northeast China, higher occupational/labour-type physical activity frequency and alcohol drinking frequency were independently associated with greater odds of hypertension, with each additional session/week of labour-type activity associated with 23% higher odds and each additional drinking occasion/week associated with 20% higher odds.
The role of physical activity in modulating six-minute walk distance in adolescents.
This study provides 6MWT reference values for Italian adolescents (11-18 years) and demonstrates that MVPA positively predicted six-minute walk distance in both sexes, while BMI negatively predicted it, and age had opposite effects in males versus females.
A Comparative Study of Yoga and Physical Exercise on Visual Reaction Time in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Both yoga and physical exercise significantly improved visual reaction time in healthy young adults after 12 weeks, but the reduction in VRT was significantly greater in the yoga group compared to the physical exercise group.
Lifestyle, health behavior, and oral health differences among dentistry, nutrition, and fine arts university students.
Relevant differences in lifestyle and health behaviors were observed according to academic degree, with Nutrition students exhibiting the healthiest profiles, Dentistry students showing the best self-perceived oral health, and Fine Arts students exhibiting higher sedentary behavior and poorer dietary and oral hygiene habits.
Sex as a moderator of the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and depressive symptoms in older adults.
Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with fewer depressive symptoms only among female older adults, while physical activity associations with depressive symptoms did not differ by sex.
Modifiable Lifestyle Factors, Left Atrial Indices, and Atrial Fibrillation.
Common lifestyle factors are associated with unfavorable LA size and function, mediating about a quarter of the AF risk associated with obesity and smoking, suggesting lifestyle-related structural LA changes may contribute to AF risk.
Body-Weight Changes and Physical Activity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
Weight gain is common 6 months after ACLR, with males experiencing greater increases than females, and although PA and sedentary behavior did not predict weight changes, targeted weight-management strategies including nutritional and metabolic health interventions may help optimize recovery.
Exploring paths to participation and non-participation in physical exercise among Swedish adolescents.
Multiple distinct paths lead to Sporting & Exercising and Not exercising among Swedish adolescents, these paths differ between girls and boys, and can be multi-factorial in nature where several factors must be jointly present to explain membership in a particular exercise-related cluster.
Chemokine Receptor Profile of Circulating Leukocyte Subsets in Response to Acute High-Intensity Interval Training.
HIIT induced a rapid redistribution of leukocyte subsets with chemokine receptor profiles suggesting enhanced endothelial interaction and migratory capacity toward effector tissues.
Cardiorespiratory response to different aerobic exercise modalities in people with advanced multiple sclerosis.
All three aerobic exercise modalities elicited moderate-to-vigorous intensity cardiorespiratory responses in people with advanced MS, though FES cycling provided a less demanding aerobic stimulus compared to arm cycle ergometer and recumbent stepper exercise at a matched RPE.
Video game use, lifestyle and its association with becoming overweight or obese in Mexican adolescents.
Video game use and physical inactivity were significantly associated with overweight/obesity in Mexican adolescents, with video game use showing an adjusted odds ratio of 6.89 (95% CI [3.17-14.94]) in the multiple binary logistic regression model.
Identification and characterization of phenotypes based on behavior for physical exercise in adolescents with asthma: a multicenter study.
Two behavioral phenotypes based on motivational regulations and basic psychological needs for exercise were identified in adolescents with asthma, with females showing greater association with less autonomous behavior and low perceived support, which negatively impacted quality of life.
The impact of intention to adopt generative AI for exercise information on exercise adherence among Chinese college students: the mediating role of autonomous motivation and network analysis.
The intention to adopt generative AI for exercise information was significantly positively correlated with exercise adherence among Chinese college students, with autonomous motivation mediating 27.78% of this total effect.
Metformin Alters Exercise Training Induced Blood Pressure and Aortic Waveform Adaptations in Adults at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome.
Metformin altered blood pressure and aortic waveform adaptations in relation to inflammation following exercise training in adults at risk for metabolic syndrome.
Rising energetic cost of walking predicts cognitive impairment.
Rising energetic cost of walking predicts cognitive impairment, with progressors exhibiting a steeper increase in energetic cost than non-progressors, and higher baseline cost predicting impairment among adults aged 75 years and older.
Participant and Researcher Perceptions of Stretching Intensity and Muscle Tension in A Hamstrings and Shoulder Stretch in Healthy Young Adults.
Participant and researcher perceptions of stretch intensity showed no significant differences but variable correlation and agreement, with training status and stretching experience identified as important factors influencing the relationship between internal and external stretch intensity perceptions.
Are Dry-Land Force-Velocity Abilities Related to In-Water Load-Velocity Profiles in Sprint Swimming?
Dry-land maximal strength was more strongly correlated to in-water parameters compared to dry-land maximal speed, with strong relationships found between maximal force measured on the lat pulldown exercise and swimming parameters.
ChatGPT Outperforms Personal Trainers in Answering Common Exercise Training Questions.
ChatGPT outperformed personal trainers in answering common exercise training questions, with higher ratings in scientific correctness, comprehensibility, and actionability across the majority of questions evaluated.
International consensus on sports, exercise, and physical activity participation during post-operative interventions for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: An e-Delphi study.
This e-Delphi study provides the first international consensus of 71 statements on return to sports, exercise, and physical activity following spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, though subgroup analysis demonstrated consensus among surgeons and divergence among physiotherapists.
Immediate Psychological Responses to Aerobic and Resistance Exercise in People With Psychotic Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Psychiatric Rehabilitation.
Both resistance training and aerobic exercise led to large immediate improvements in positive wellbeing and reductions in psychological distress in people with psychotic disorders, while fatigue responses differed by exercise type.
Self-Care Behaviors as Predictors of Mental Health Outcomes Among Undergraduate Nursing Students.
Exercise, sleep, emotional resilience, and loneliness were significant predictors of mental health outcomes among undergraduate nursing students, suggesting curricular interventions targeting these self-care behaviors may improve nursing student mental health.
Knee and hip joint dynamics differ between sprinting and Nordic hamstring exercises.
Sprinting puts the biceps femoris long head at longer lengths and higher lengthening velocities than the Nordic hamstring exercise, while the NHE produces lower peak knee flexion moments and less than 5% of the peak negative knee flexion power of all running speeds.
Redox Water Consumption Attenuates Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Physically Active Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Regular consumption of redox (alkaline hydrogen-enriched) water was associated with lower immediate post-exercise IL-6 compared with controls after baseline adjustment, though pronounced baseline imbalance limits causal interpretation and warrants confirmation in larger trials.
Technical Note on Pickup Acceleration Signal Processing.
A custom MATLAB script applied to motorized linear position encoder technology can effectively capture step-by-step analysis of pickup acceleration in field settings, providing mechanical insights previously limited to laboratory environments.
Exercising alone in men and group exercise in women are cross-sectionally associated with positive mental health among older Japanese.
Exercising alone was cross-sectionally associated with positive mental health among older men, while participation in exercise groups was cross-sectionally associated with positive mental health among older women, highlighting the importance of gender-sensitive public health strategies.
Heterogeneous trajectories of exercise self-efficacy and its predictors in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: A longitudinal study.
Three distinct trajectories of exercise self-efficacy were identified in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: a 'Low-Efficacy Decline Group' (22%), a 'High-Efficacy Ascending-Stable Group' (34%), and a 'Moderate-Efficacy Continuous Increase Group' (44%), with diabetes, exercise habits, social support, anxiety, and income as significant predictors of trajectory subgroup membership.
Sex- and Exercise-Dependent Modulation of Hypertrophic Remodeling by the MCT1 rs1049434 Polymorphism.
The phenotypic impact of MCT1 rs1049434 in sarcomere-positive HCM is context-dependent, with T-allele female carriers showing greater hypertrophic remodeling and vigorous exercise appearing to attenuate disease severity in men, supporting a genotype-sex-environment interaction relevant to precision medicine approaches in HCM.
Hamstring force and stretch during progressively increasing running speeds and the eccentric phase of resistance training exercises commonly used for injury prevention and rehabilitation.
The force and stretch demands experienced by the hamstrings during common resistance training exercises ranged from less than walking to more than sprinting, but differences between exercises and running tasks depended on the specific muscle investigated.
Neurophysiological metrics of surprise during locomotor uncertainty.
Pupil diameter and SCM muscle activity serve as reliable indicators of surprise and adaptation in dynamic locomotor tasks, highlighting coordinated autonomic and neuromuscular responses to uncertainty during split-belt treadmill walking with probabilistic perturbations.
The effects of pre-extinction stress vs. physical exercise on contextual retrieval and generalization.
Psychosocial stress and vigorous physical exercise both increased stress hormones before extinction training, but groups did not differ in fear responding during retrieval 24 hours later, though psychosocial stress appeared to reduce fear renewal in a novel context and exploratory analyses revealed stress reduced context-dependency of extinction memory after reinstatement in men while exercise reduced overall responding in the extinction context.
Webcam-Based Exergame for Motor Recovery with Physical Assessment via DTW.
RehabHub, a home-based exergaming system using a common webcam and MediaPipe for real-time pose estimation, demonstrates feasibility of low-cost webcam-based assessment integrated into exergaming for upper-limb motor recovery, with the single-angle method providing the clearest distinction between normal and abnormal movements.
FNDC5/Irisin-dependent renoprotection of resistance training in myocardial infarction-induced Type 2 cardiorenal syndrome.
Resistance exercise ameliorates renal oxidative stress and fibrosis in Type 2 CRS, effects that are substantially mediated by, but not exclusively dependent on, the FNDC5/Irisin axis.
Gliclazide Enhances Exercise Performance and Recovery of Muscle Strength in Healthy Trained Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Gliclazide MR 90 mg, administered 8h before strength exercise, produced ergogenic effects on exercise performance and muscle recovery in healthy trained individuals, although hypoglycemia was observed in 7% of subjects.
Exercise Therapy for Chronic Ankle Instability: Which Modality for Which Deficit? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Exercise modalities have distinct efficacy profiles in CAI, with balance training providing comprehensive benefits across multiple sensorimotor deficits, while other modalities show more targeted effects, enabling deficit-specific prescription within a personalised rehabilitation framework.
Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Exercise-Induced Breath Metabolites, Lipids, and Proteins Using Wearable Cold-Mask Sampling.
A wearable cold-mask device combined with mass spectrometry-based multiomics analysis detected significant changes in exhaled breath metabolites, lipids, and proteins between pre- and postexercise states, elucidating exercise-induced metabolic pathways.
Family socioeconomic status and moderate to vigorous physical activity among Chinese adults: the chain mediating roles of exercise environment and exercise motivation.
Family socioeconomic status influences moderate to vigorous physical activity among Chinese adults through three pathways: independent mediation of exercise environment, independent mediation of exercise motivation, and chain mediation of exercise environment followed by exercise motivation.
Effect of Baduanjin Exercise and Resistance Band Training on Sarcopenia in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Resistance band and mixed exercise improved muscle mass and overall physical function, while Baduanjin specifically enhanced balance, supporting tailored exercise prescriptions for sarcopenia management.
The phased characteristics and countermeasures of physical exercise behavior change of rural older adults in China.
Exercise behavior among rural older adults demonstrates significant stage-specific characteristics, with guidance and organizational information needed in pre-exercise phases, facility and facilitator support during initiation, and diverse organizations during regularization.
Obesity and Ventilatory Responses During Exercise in the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise National Database (FRIEND).
Obesity was positively, but negligibly, associated with a higher VE/VCO2 slope in apparently healthy adults from the FRIEND Registry.
Variable selection in functional linear Cox model.
A novel variable selection method for a functional linear Cox model using spline-based semiparametric estimation and group minimax concave penalty effectively identifies key temporally varying distributional patterns of physical activity related to all-cause mortality in older US adults.
Ampk alpha2 T172 activation dictates exercise performance and energy transduction in skeletal muscle.
AMPKα2 T172 activation is critical for exercise performance and energy transduction in skeletal muscle, with pleiotropic roles in glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, mitochondrial respiration, and contractile function, and substantial proteomic overlap with type 2 diabetes.
Differential Effects of Twice vs. Four Times Weekly Combined Exercise Training in Aging Adults With Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Higher weekly frequency (four times per week) of combined exercise training may optimize blood pressure management in hypertension compared to twice per week at the same total weekly volume, although these additional benefits appear to be dependent on high protocol adherence.
Patient's Experiences and Satisfaction With Prehabilitation for Abdominal and Thoracic Surgery.
Participants were highly satisfied with the prehabilitation program, especially with its multimodal aspect, highlighting the value of multidisciplinary education and exercise components, while also providing constructive feedback for improvement such as increased supervision during exercise sessions.