Aging & Longevity
500 peer-reviewed studies indexed
NR4A1 mediates chemotherapy‑induced senescence via the PI3K/AKT pathway in gastric cancer cells.
NR4A1 mediates oxaliplatin-induced senescence in gastric cancer cells via suppression of the PI3K/AKT pathway and metabolic reprogramming, identifying the NR4A1/AKT-metabolism axis as a pivotal mechanism of therapy-induced senescence.
Role of Succinate Dehydrogenase in Age-Related Th17 Inflammation.
SDH activation in T cells from older adults induced heightened oxidation of succinate, disrupted the fumarate-to-succinate ratio, stabilized HIF-1α, and promoted Th17 cytokines, establishing a mechanistic link between SDH and Th17 inflammation.
Shorter kidney telomeres are associated with nephrosclerosis by an epigenetic signature.
Shorter kidney telomeres are strongly associated with renal structural and functional decline independent of demographic and clinical confounders, and an epigenetic clock of 57 CpGs predicts nephrosclerosis independently of chronological and epigenetic age.
Buyang Huanwu Decoction attenuates vascular aging by suppressing the pathway of neutrophil extracellular trap formation via modulation of the HMGB1/TLR4/p38 signaling pathway.
Buyang Huanwu Decoction alleviates vascular aging by modulating the immune microenvironment through inhibition of the HMGB1/TLR4/p38 signaling pathway and subsequent suppression of neutrophil extracellular trap formation.
Cumulative experience of loneliness and frailty progression: A prospective cohort study.
Cumulative loneliness can significantly accelerate frailty progression, with participants in the highest quartile of cumulative loneliness showing faster annual increases in frailty index and higher frailty risk compared to those in the lowest quartile.
RPS14 as an aging-related biomarker for early-onset alterations of testicular senescence-associated genes in spermatogenic dysfunction at childbearing age.
RPS14, an upregulated testicular senescence-associated gene in testes of older men, was found to be an important aging-related biomarker for early-onset alterations of testicular senescence-associated genes in young spermatogenic dysfunctional testes, with significant correlation to Johnsen scores, FSH levels, and potential predictive value in sperm retrieval surgery.
Potential and challenges for sustainable progress in human longevity.
Monitoring mortality trends at a fine geographical level is crucial for revealing both the potential for, and challenges to, sustainable progress in human longevity, with decelerating gains in life expectancy strongly associated with increased mortality at ages 55-74 across large areas of Western Europe between 2005 and 2019.
Multi-time scale dynamic effective brain networks reveal accelerated brain aging in individuals with major depressive disorder.
Multi-time scale dynamic effective brain networks (MTS-DEBN) significantly improve brain age prediction accuracy and reveal accelerated brain aging in both current and remitted MDD patients.
The Relationship Between Hippocampal Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Brain Structure in Older Age.
Lower hippocampal cerebrovascular reactivity was associated with lower left hippocampal volume, reduced white matter microstructural integrity in multiple tracts, and greater longitudinal changes in white matter integrity, highlighting hippocampal CVR as a potential imaging marker associated with structural brain changes relevant to cognitive decline.
Interventions for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary time among people aged 55 years and older: an overview of systematic reviews.
Consistent evidence suggests that technology-based interventions are effective in increasing physical activity, step counts and MVPA among adults aged 55 years and older, whereas inconsistent findings support the effectiveness of exercise and behavioural interventions in increasing physical activity.
The iterative shrinkage thresholding algorithm reveals dynamic aging trajectories of human T lymphocytes via multidimensional spectral flow cytometry analysis.
Using multiparametric spectral flow cytometry and machine learning in 462 healthy individuals, the authors identified 10 immune biomarkers that accurately predicted chronological age (R2=0.81, P<0.001) and reconstructed T cell aging trajectories using ISTA-based sparse coding capturing aging-related immunophenotypic patterns in over 80% of individuals across age groups.
[Critical analysis of the conceptualization of work among older adults in the contemporary era].
Conceptualizations of work in old age have focused on micro and macrosocial levels but have not yet succeeded in consolidating an explanatory theory that would allow for a definition of work in old age.
The Development Trajectories of Media Exposure and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: An Analysis Based on Latent Growth Models.
Media exposure and cognitive function in older Chinese adults both decline over time, with baseline media exposure positively influencing baseline cognitive function and higher rates of media exposure change associated with slower cognitive decline.
Silver Tales: A quantitative content analysis on the representation of older characters in children's television.
Older characters in children's television were underrepresented and portrayed in minor roles, with limited diversity, predominantly appearing as 'young-old,' non-disabled, middle-class, Caucasian, heterosexual males, with few differences among content providers including those claiming progressive mandates.
Disordered Personality Dimensions and Emotion Regulation Among Older Adults.
Disordered personality traits were more robustly associated with difficulties with emotion regulation relative to strategy use frequency, with distinct profiles across the five disordered trait dimensions in older adults.
Select Small Non-Coding RNAs Are Determinants of Survival in Older Adults.
Circulating small non-coding RNAs, particularly piRNAs and miRNAs, are identified as promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for human longevity, with a predictive model achieving cross-validated AUCs of 0.92 and 0.87 for 2-year survival in Discovery and external Validation cohorts respectively.
Co-Treatment With rhBMP-2 and Rapamycin Modulates Osteogenesis-Adipogenesis Balance to Enhance Aged Bone Regeneration.
Co-treatment with rhBMP-2 and rapamycin via a novel hydrogel system (PBR) effectively regulates abnormal differentiation of senescent BMSCs, maintains cell cycle process, and retains regenerative potential for bone repair in the senescent microenvironment.
Impact of Cellular Senescence on LCN2 Expression in Salivary Gland Epithelial Cells and Oral Keratinocytes.
Aging up-regulates LCN2 expression in oral-related epithelial cells mainly via IL-1β secreted from M1 macrophages, rather than through the induction of their senescence.
Executive resources shape the impact of language predictability across the adult lifespan.
Language predictions are not cost-free—they draw on executive control resources, and this dependency becomes more pronounced with age across the adult lifespan (18–85 years).
Multimodal quantitative MRI reveals age-related biophysical alterations in the human brain across the adult lifespan.
Multimodal quantitative MRI revealed distinct cross-sectional age-related biophysical alteration patterns (early, late, and inverted-U) across the adult lifespan, with subcortical and thalamic regions as key contributors to age estimation, and transcriptomic integration linking these patterns to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative gene expression signatures.
Ventricular assist device unloading reverses microvascular senescence in single ventricle disease.
HLHS cardiomyocytes are intrinsically senescent and the HLHS myocardium contains a senescent microvascular niche that is improved by ventricular assist device unloading, providing insight into the potential to reverse cardiac cell states that lead to heart failure.
Circulating cellular senescence biomarkers in persons with chronic knee osteoarthritis pain: An exploratory study.
SASP factors, particularly GDF-15, Activin-A, and Osteopontin, demonstrated race- and sex-dependent associations with OA-pain phenotypes, underscoring the importance of demographic context in OA pathophysiology.
Age-related differences in force steadiness and motor unit behavior during dynamic ankle dorsiflexions.
Older adults present altered neural drive to the muscles, reducing their ability to modulate rate coding and subsequently maintain force steadiness at low force levels in concentric and eccentric contractions.
The good old times?!: the relationship between regret and rumination in older adults.
The self-perpetuating cycle between regret and self-critical rumination occurred independently of habitual rumination tendencies in older adults, contrasting with findings in younger adults.
Klotho levels and biological age acceleration: Insights from a diverse cohort of middle-aged and elderly individuals.
Higher circulating Klotho levels were robustly and inversely associated with biological age acceleration in middle-aged and older adults, with a non-linear L-shaped dose-response pattern suggesting the protective effect becomes more pronounced above a certain threshold.
Polypharmacy, anticholinergic burden and inflammation in relation to accelerated biological ageing.
Both polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden are associated with accelerated biological ageing, partly mediated by systemic inflammation including a potential serial pathway, underscoring the importance of deprescribing to reduce ageing-related risks.
The association of serum levels of vitamin D with leucocyte telomere length, as a marker of biological aging: A meta-analysis.
Serum 25(OH)D levels showed a positive correlation with leukocyte telomere length in women, adults, and individuals with vitamin D deficiency, with an overall standardized β of 0.04 (95% CI = 0.02–0.06).
Nail structural alterations and zinc levels in the elderly: an observational cross-sectional study.
The average nail zinc concentration was lower in elderly subjects with nail changes than in those without, but no statistically significant differences were found between nail structural alterations and zinc levels in this population.
Cognitive aging across the life course in a low-income context: evidence from Malawi.
Three distinct cognitive aging trajectory groups were identified in rural Malawi, with heterogeneity such that while some individuals experience healthy cognitive aging, a nontrivial subgroup experiences accelerated cognitive decline over the life course.
Preventable mortality in Mexico: bridging gaps in chronic disease and ageing care.
Preventable mortality in Mexico remains critically high, with 37.21% of 819,672 deaths in 2024 attributed to ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus, reflecting structural gaps in prevention rather than unavoidable demographic change.
Leukocyte telomere attrition following radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a prospective study.
A significant shortening of telomeres after radiotherapy was observed in prostate cancer patients, indicating a potential contribution to accelerated cellular aging.
DNA Methylation Signatures of Cellular Senescence Are Not Reversed by Senolytic Treatment.
Epigenetic clocks trained on senescence-related CpGs showed no reversal and even acceleration after senolytic treatment, calling into question whether cellular senescence can be captured by DNA methylation and challenging the assumption that aging biomarkers decrease after geroscience interventions.
Development of a controlled ex vivo human skin platform for quantitative evaluation of age-related functional biomarkers following application of topical treatments.
An ex vivo human skin explant platform using freshly acquired tissues from donors of varying ages and Fitzpatrick skin types was developed to evaluate topical treatments, finding that ND-ZnO and NAC reduced senescence biomarkers p16^INK4a and p53, ND-ZnO and exosomes lowered IL-1β expression, and a four-week single-patient case study showed visible improvements in redness, pigmentation, and texture.
Type 2 inflammation accelerates CD4+ T-cell senescence in asthma.
Type 2 inflammation drives CD4+ T-cell senescence in asthma, with significantly increased CD4+ Tsen (CD57+CD28-) abundance in asthma patients, and adoptive transfer of CD4+ Tsens exacerbates type 2 inflammation in HDM-treated mice.
Iron status modulates immune cell proportions to drive epigenetic age acceleration: A 2-step Mendelian randomization study.
A 2-step Mendelian randomization study found that lymphocyte and neutrophil proportions partially mediate the causal association of iron status with epigenetic age acceleration.
Network of positive affect and depression in older adults: Twin study.
Specific PA states, particularly feeling enthusiastic and feeling active, show consistent associations with depressive symptoms in older adulthood and appear largely environmentally influenced, highlighting discrete emotional experiences as potential targets for non-pharmacological strategies.
Exploring the determinants of health in the aging population: the key role of education and socioeconomic context.
Higher educational attainment is significantly associated with greater probability of reporting good health among older adults in Italy, with economic strain and physical activity emerging as the main mediators jointly explaining approximately one-quarter of the total educational effect.
Dissociable age-dependent effects of emotion on scene and location memory.
Aging not only impairs episodic memory accuracy overall but also alters the way in which emotions influence contextual binding, with dissociable effects on scene memory versus spatial location memory.
Assessing Age-Associated Influences on Paramagnetic and Diamagnetic Susceptibility Maps in Postmortem Human Brains.
Application of APART-QSM to postmortem human brains showed that diamagnetic susceptibility declined with age in basal ganglia regions, paramagnetic susceptibility in the putamen increased linearly with age consistent with in vivo findings, and ex vivo tissue analysis revealed a moderate association between paramagnetic susceptibility and iron concentration in the putamen.
Nerve, muscle and adiposity: Associations with gait speed across adulthood in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.
Peripheral nerve function contributes to gait speed across adulthood but plays a comparatively limited role relative to muscle morphology (MCSA and IMAT), which emerge as dominant physiological contributors to age-related mobility decline.
A multimodal retinal aging clock for biological age prediction and systemic health assessment via OCT and fundus imaging.
Multimodal retinal age clocks trained on OCT and fundus photography predicted biological age with clinical relevance, showing significantly stronger correlations with the Charlson Comorbidity Index than chronological age, suggesting the algorithm may provide insight into systemic health burdens beyond traditional risk assessments.
A lifespan study on body schema and perceived reaching distance.
Short-term tool-use training did not significantly alter tactile distance perception of the forearm or perceived reaching distance across age groups spanning 12-80 years old, suggesting that brief tool-use exposure may be insufficient to induce lasting sensorimotor adaptations.
Impact of aging on theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling during learning: A multivariate analysis.
Multivariate theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling (mPAC) increased with learning in both younger and older adults, but older participants showed overall reduced mPAC, suggesting compromised parallel storage in working memory that is not explained by theta amplitude alone.
Midlife sensory and motor measures among best predictors in parsimonious models of long-term cognitive decline and incidence of cognitive impairment in aging adults.
In middle-aged adults, sensory and motor function and NfL were among the best predictors of 10-year onset of cognitive decline and impairment, with parsimonious LASSO models yielding AUCs of 0.80 and 0.73 respectively.
Age-related neural dynamics revealed by time-domain fNIRS decoding of audiovisual dual-task processing.
Age-related neural dynamics are best captured under high cognitive load, with time-domain fNIRS features during audiovisual dual-task processing achieving classification accuracy of 0.810, highlighting these features as sensitive markers of cortical reorganization and potential indicators of healthy brain aging.
Beyond restless sleep: A cross-sectional study of obstructive sleep apnea risk, aging biomarkers, and chronic low back pain.
OSA risk was significantly correlated with biological age acceleration measured by PhenoAge and pace of biological aging (DunedinPACE), and mediation analysis detected indirect effects of OSA risk on chronic pain outcomes through the pace of biological aging.
Older adults produce joint moments less economically than young adults.
Older adults produce lower-limb joint moments less economically than young adults, suggesting that less economical muscle-tendon unit force production likely contributes to their greater metabolic energy expenditure during walking.
The pineal gland in ageing and alzheimer's disease: age-related molecular changes.
This study systematically elucidated the multidimensional pathological features of the pineal gland during ageing and AD progression, finding progressive calcification, sexual dimorphism in molecular changes, and elevated Aβ and P-Tau deposition alongside cellular depletion and reduced melatonin in Alzheimer's disease.
Age-related vs. disease-related: how perceptions of geriatric syndromes shape health-seeking behavior in older adults.
Individual perceptions of geriatric syndromes as age-related vs. disease-related may impact the use of medical services, with pain predominantly perceived as disease-related and associated with higher health-seeking behavior, while memory loss was often seen as age-related with correspondingly lower health-seeking behavior.
Deriving and comparing healthy longevity distributions by gender and health prevalence measures: a statistical moments and maximum entropy approach.
Healthy longevity distributions derived via maximum entropy from statistical moments reveal that for most health measures females have longer healthy life expectancy and males have more dispersed distributions with a lower mode, while the probability of a man outliving a woman in healthy lifespan varies substantially by health indicator.