Dietary Supplements
470 peer-reviewed studies indexed
Effect of Prebiotic Supplementation With and Without Physiotherapy on Pain and Pain Sensitivity in People with Knee Osteoarthritis.
Inulin and physiotherapy-supported exercise each produced meaningful pain reductions in knee osteoarthritis, with only inulin improving pain sensitivity and grip strength, the latter paralleled by increased GLP-1, and inulin having much higher rates of retention compared to PSE.
A novel Mediterranean diet-inspired supplement reduces hippocampal amyloid deposits and microglial activation through the modulation of the microbiota gut-brain axis in 5xFAD mice.
A novel Mediterranean diet-inspired supplement (Neurosyn240) significantly reduced hippocampal amyloid deposits and microglial activation in 5xFAD mice through modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, associated with increased circulatory serotonin and decreased kynurenine and bile acid concentrations.
Adjunctive probiotic therapy sustains symptom relief in gastroesophageal reflux disease through gut microbiome-metabolome remodeling.
Adjunctive probiotic therapy sustains post-PPI symptom relief in GERD, associated with targeted modulation of gut microbiota and bioactive metabolites including gamma-aminobutyric acid, succinate, citrulline, and short-chain fatty acids.
Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 Reduces Colorectal Adenomatous Polyp Recurrence: A Randomized Crossover Trial.
CBM588 demonstrated potential to reduce colorectal adenoma recurrence in high-risk patients, supporting its role as a feasible, non-invasive preventive strategy.
Effect of Lutein Ester Supplement on Choroidal Thickness in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Six-month lutein ester supplementation could effectively mitigate subfoveal and temporal choroidal thinning in children, highlighting its potential as a promising adjunctive nutritional strategy to support clinical efforts in myopia prevention and management.
Impact of vitamin D supplementation on all-cause mortality: Randomized trials revisited.
Null effects of vitamin D supplementation were to be expected in trials conducted in vitamin D sufficient populations, while emulated trials suggest a potential for major mortality reduction in vitamin D insufficient and deficient populations.
Gut microbiota as a multifaceted modulator of prostate cancer: Mechanistic insights, therapeutic opportunities and clinical challenges (Review).
The gut microbiota may markedly influence prostate cancer pathogenesis through immunomodulation and metabolic regulation, with therapeutic potential through probiotics and dietary interventions, though methodological variations and patient heterogeneity remain significant challenges.
Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Loading on Sleep Metrics, Physical Performance, Cognitive Function, and Recovery in Physically Active Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.
A 7-day creatine monohydrate loading protocol improved subjective sleep quality, enhanced cognitive performance, and increased physical output during high-intensity intermittent exercise, while also reducing muscle soreness, but did not significantly affect objective sleep parameters or recovery markers up to 72 h post-exercise.
MitoQ supplementation does not impact redox responses to acute exercise in skeletal muscle of older individuals.
MitoQ supplementation did not influence the basal myocellular redox state or redox responses to exercise in skeletal muscle of older individuals.
The role of diet and physical activity in managing anxiety and depression: A scoping review.
Evidence from 45 studies remains unevenly distributed across lifestyle interventions and mental health outcomes, with a predominant focus on depression, and key gaps include anxiety-specific interventions, standardized outcomes, long-term follow-up, and integrated multimodal approaches.
Arachidonic acid intake promotes hypertension and target-organ fibrosis through CYP4A-mediated 20-HETE overproduction: Integrated evidence from human and animal studies.
Chronic high-dose arachidonic acid intake promotes hypertension and multiorgan fibrosis via CYP4A/20-HETE activation, as demonstrated by convergent evidence from NHANES cross-sectional analysis, Mendelian randomization, single-cell transcriptomics, and animal experiments.
Assessment of the effectiveness and safety of two-month oral supplementation with L-arginine depending on the type of lipid metabolism disorder in patients with atherosclerotic lower limb ischemia.
Two-month oral L-arginine supplementation (6 g/day) significantly increased nitric oxide levels, total antioxidant status, and pain-free walking distance in patients with atherosclerotic lower limb ischemia across all lipid disorder subgroups, without significant effects on ankle-brachial index or lipid profiles.
The differential impact of three different NAD+ boosters on circulatory NAD and microbial metabolism in humans.
In a randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled study in 65 healthy participants, NR and NMN but not Nam comparably increased circulatory NAD+ concentrations after 14 days, with NR and NMN acting via microbial conversion to nicotinic acid and the Preiss-Handler pathway, while Nam acutely and transiently affects the NAD+ metabolome via the salvage pathway.
Therapeutical efficacy of immunobiotics in patients with newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis.
Adjunctive probiotic supplementation with specific strains may enhance clinical outcomes, reduce inflammation, and increase remission rates in early RA, supporting probiotics as a safe, accessible adjunctive therapy.
Effects of EPA+DHA and Corn Oil Supplementation on PUFA Concentrations across Plasma Lipid Pools and on Downstream Oxylipins: Exploratory Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Humans.
EPA+DHA supplementation increased EPA and DHA levels across multiple plasma lipid pools and led to significant shifts in oxylipin concentrations with predominant increases in anti-inflammatory and decreases in proinflammatory oxylipins compared with corn oil supplementation.
Effect of multispecies probiotics on autism symptoms: protocol for a randomized controlled trial (PROBAUT).
This paper describes a protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (PROBAUT) to evaluate the impact of 12-week multispecies probiotic supplementation on core autism symptoms in children with ASD.
Probiotic Supplementation Can Alter Inflammation Parameters and Self-Reported Sleep After a Marathon: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
Supplementation with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis for 30 days changes self-reported sleep and reduces LPS concentration after a marathon.
Can vitamin D supplementation be dangerous? 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in healthy population and primary hyperparathyroidism: a single-center experience and literature review.
1,25-OH-D serum concentration and vitamin D activation ratio (VD-AR) are significantly higher in PHPT patients than in healthy population, and higher VD-AR increases the probability of hypercalcemia above 11 mg/dL and indication for parathyroidectomy.
Effects of a slowly fermentable fiber mixture against the background of a high-protein diet on insulin sensitivity and metabolic health in individuals with overweight: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Fibers combined with a high-protein diet reduced peripheral insulin sensitivity and decreased metabolic flexibility compared to placebo, and coadministration of fiber and protein may compromise gut barrier function and inflammatory responses.
EFFICACY OF PROBIOTICS IN PREVENTING CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED DIARRHEA IN GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER PATIENTS.
Probiotic compared to placebo did not result in a statistically significant effect, suggesting a lack of benefit of administered probiotic for prevention of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea among patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
Limited effects of dietary nitrate supplementation with resistance training on skeletal muscle and vascular outcomes in middle-aged and older adults.
12 weeks of dietary nitrate supplementation via beetroot juice does not enhance resistance training adaptations in middle-aged and older adults, with no significant group × time interactions observed for hypertrophic, strength, or vascular outcomes.
Probiotic Supplementation and Executive Function in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Probiotic supplementation significantly improved executive function scores in children with ADHD compared to placebo after 2 months, suggesting probiotics 'may be beneficial as non-pharmacological adjunctive therapy for enhancing executive function in children with ADHD.'
Heat-Treated Limosilactobacillus fermentum PS150 Improves Sleep Quality with Severity-Dependent Benefits: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Although group mean scores on sleep symptom scales did not differ significantly in the full cohort, HT-PS150 appeared to modulate sleep-wake regulation by enhancing nocturnal melatonin secretion, attenuating HPA-axis activity, and stabilizing wakefulness, with clinical benefits most evident among participants with greater baseline symptom burden.
Modulation of Peripheral Immune Cells Following Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Vitamin D-Insufficient Cancer Patients.
Moderate-high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation (30,000 IU/week for two months) in vitamin D-insufficient cancer patients led to improved DNA integrity and significant telomere length changes in mononuclear cells, as well as PBMC compositional changes including increased NK cells, pDC cells, and monocytes, particularly in patients also receiving Pembrolizumab.
A young child formula with Limosilactobacillus reuteri and GOS modulates gut microbiome and enhances bone and muscle development: a randomized trial.
Consumption of an experimental young child formula containing L. reuteri DSM 17938 and GOS synbiotic improves musculoskeletal development in toddlers via modulation of microbiota composition and function.
The Role of Probiotics in Depression and Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Probiotic supplementation significantly reduces depressive symptoms and improves quality of life in IBS patients, supporting the potential of probiotics as an adjunct therapy in the comprehensive management of IBS.
Nutritional Supplementation for Myopia Prevention and Control: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Nutritional supplementation may improve visual function and retinal antioxidant status but lacks strong evidence for slowing myopia progression, with larger, long-term RCTs needed before recommending supplementation for routine myopia management.
Research on the demand, preference for oral nutritional supplementation in people with colorectal cancer in the postoperative period: A qualitative study.
People with CRC in the postoperative period reported suboptimal experiences with ONS, exhibited notable misconceptions about its use, and indicated that current regimens failed to address their treatment needs and preferences, suggesting clinicians should adopt a person-centered approach to improve acceptance and compliance.
Associations of high protein supplements with gut microbiota and skeletal muscle mass in hospitalized older people.
High-protein supplementation may promote muscle anabolism in hospitalized older males by modulating the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota, specifically by enhancing microbial pathways related to amino acid synthesis.
Effects of Blueberry Supplementation on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in a Rural Louisiana Population.
Daily blueberry supplementation significantly reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to placebo in a rural population, though the biochemical mechanisms underlying these behavioral improvements remain unresolved.
Stress-trained microalgae robots with probiotics backpack and intestinal brake for inflammatory bowel disease management.
The EcN@PDA@HP biohybrid robot, composed of stress-trained microalgae, probiotics, and an intestinal braking system, effectively alleviates murine IBD via ROS scavenging and microbiota restoration.
The role of multivitamin and mineral supplements in supporting health and well-being: a retrospective cross-sectional study in Taiwan.
Real-world evidence from 400 Taiwanese adults aged 35-60 shows that MVM supplements are widely perceived to support youthful vitality, immunity, general health, and quality of life, with high satisfaction and trust levels, especially among daily users and those aged 50 and above.
Adjunctive nutritional intervention improves glycaemia and quality of life in dapagliflozin-treated diabetic patients.
Adjunctive nutritional intervention (Mediterranean diet and oral nutritional supplements) significantly enhances the glycaemic, renal, nutritional and quality-of-life benefits of dapagliflozin in patients with diabetic nephropathy, offering a promising integrated therapeutic strategy.
Impact of high-dose vitamin D and calcium carbonate supplementation on bone density in adolescents living with HIV: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
There was no difference in bone density between arms overall, but among those with vitamin D insufficiency the intervention improved bone density, suggesting high-dose vitamin D3 and calcium supplementation might promote bone accrual and mineralisation in adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV.
Reprogramming offspring liver health: maternal indole supplementation as a preventive strategy against MASLD.
Maternal indole supplementation during gestation and lactation activates offspring aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signalling, increases hepatic very long-chain ceramides, and provides long-term protection against diet-induced MASLD and fibrosis in offspring.
Effects of Probiotic Short-Term Regiment on Oral Health Parameters in Children: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
Short-term probiotic supplementation was safe and well accepted among children but did not produce statistically significant improvements in oral health parameters over 30 days.
Implementation of an integrative safety consultation service for the use of dietary and herbal supplements among patients with hematological diseases.
An integrative safety naturopathic-pharmacologic consultation service can address the needs of hematological patients using dietary and herbal supplements by providing systematic safety analysis and improving patient wellbeing.
Restoration of ethanol-induced Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum depletion ameliorates alcohol-associated liver disease.
Restoration of ethanol-induced Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum depletion via oral probiotic administration ameliorates alcohol-associated liver disease by restoring intestinal barrier function, mitigating dysbiosis, and downregulating hepatic lipogenic genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines through short-chain fatty acid production.
Ruminococcus bromii alleviates constipation by pullulanase-driven resistant starch degradation and microbiota modulation.
R. bromii alleviates constipation through pullulanase-driven resistant starch degradation that boosts short-chain fatty acid production and fosters beneficial bacteria, with a clinical trial confirming that the constipation-relieving effect of dietary resistant starch depends on the presence and abundance of R. bromii in the gut.
Effects of L-Citrulline Supplementation on Endothelial Function, Arterial Stiffness, and Blood Glucose Level in the Fasted and Acute Hyperglycemic States in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.
CIT supplementation is beneficial to improve vascular function and glucose levels during chronic and acute hyperglycemia in middle-aged and older adults with T2DM.
Selenium supplementation in individuals with newly diagnosed Graves' hyperthyroidism: a double-blind, multi-centre RCT.
In individuals with newly diagnosed Graves' hyperthyroidism, daily supplementation with selenium did not have any effects compared with placebo as add-on to standard antithyroid drugs, and the findings do not support the use of selenium supplementation in Graves' hyperthyroidism.
Prescribing patterns and appropriateness of dietary supplements in pediatric outpatients by age, nutritional status, and clinical diagnoses.
A cross-sectional study of 1000 Vietnamese pediatric outpatients found a probiotic-centric, conservative dietary supplement prescribing paradigm with high age appropriateness (99.1%) but notable dosage non-compliance (9.0%), with gaps in addressing high-risk nutritional groups and dosing accuracy in complex regimens.
A novel exopolysaccharide from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum H6 improves cholesterol metabolism via Muribaculum-mediated activation of the enterohepatic FXR-FGF15 axis.
EPS-D1, a novel exopolysaccharide from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum H6, enhances cholesterol metabolism through microbiota-mediated activation of the enterohepatic FXR-FGF15 axis via enrichment of Muribaculum intestinale, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for managing hypercholesterolemia.
Association Between Dietary Folate and Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Among African Americans and European Americans.
The association between folate intake and prostate cancer aggressiveness appears to be source-specific and modified by race, with decreased dietary folate equivalent intake associated with higher aggressiveness in both racial groups, while synthetic folate showed divergent associations between African Americans and European Americans.
Association between vitamin D supplement use and cognitive functioning: a longitudinal cohort study.
Vitamin D supplement use was associated with accelerated decline in global cognitive function and executive function over 6 years among older US adults, with the effect confined to those with normal baseline serum 25(OH)D levels.
Mobility and strength training with and without protein supplements for pre-frail/frail older people with low protein intake: maximising mobility and strength training (MMoST) feasibility randomised controlled trial.
The MMoST feasibility trial found that conducting a definitive trial using the original protocol was not feasible, with recruitment being the biggest challenge, though community advertising was identified as a more efficient recruitment route and clinical outcomes consistently favoured the exercise and protein group.
Association between vitamin intake and biological aging: evidence from NHANES 2007-2018.
Higher intake of dietary vitamin mixture was associated with slower biological aging, with vitamin C as the key protective driver, supporting recommendations for vitamin-rich diets to promote healthy aging.
Oral Supplementation of Indole-3-acetic Acid Alleviates High-Fat-Induced Obesity by Activating the Gpha2-Mediated Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Pathway.
Oral supplementation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) dose-dependently alleviates high-fat-diet-induced obesity by enriching beneficial gut microbiota, increasing SCFA production, suppressing fatty acid biosynthesis, and activating the Gpha2-mediated TSH-THR-PGC-1α-PPARγ signaling cascade to repress lipogenic genes.
Associations Between Plasma Omega-3 and Fish Oil Use With Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in the UK Biobank.
Higher circulating omega-3 levels were linked to reduced AF risk in the UK Biobank, and after age was adjusted for as a continuous variable, no association was found between fish oil supplement use and risk for AF.
Resistance-based training improves mitochondrial capacity and redox balance in aging adults, independent of polyphenol supplementation.
Combined resistance training and HIIT improved mitochondrial bioenergetics and muscle redox balance in middle-aged and older adults, whereas polyphenol supplementation did not augment these adaptations and may have blunted some vitamin-related responses.