Gut Microbiome
417 peer-reviewed studies indexed
Insulin resistance modulates gut microbiota and incretin response remodeling after bariatric surgery in severe obesity.
Insulin resistance modulates gut microbiota composition and incretin responses after sleeve gastrectomy, with high-IR patients showing more pronounced microbial diversity changes and low-IR patients showing stronger correlations between enhanced GLP-1/GLP-2 responses and metabolic improvement.
Gut microbiota modulation via repeated donor fecal transplantation improves motor and gastrointestinal symptoms in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease: a randomized phase 2 trial.
Repeated donor fecal microbiota transplantation is safe, well tolerated, and yields clinically meaningful motor and gastrointestinal improvements in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease, providing mechanistic evidence that microbiota-targeted modulation represents a promising nonpharmacologic therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative disease.
Maternal obesity alters human milk oligosaccharides content and correlates with early acquisition of late colonizers in the neonatal gut microbiome.
Mothers with obesity showed decreased concentration of key HMOs shortly after birth, correlating with altered succession of their infant's gut microbiota, including reduced early colonizers (Enterobacteriaceae) and increased abundance of intermediate and late colonizers (Bifidobacterium and members of the Lachnospiraceae family).
Gut Bacteria Improve Depressive Symptoms by Degrading Cortisol into Androgen.
Gut bacteria degrade cortisol into androgen via a des-like enzyme, and this ability is heterogeneous among individuals, with mice gavaged with low cortisol-degrading microbiota prone to depressive-like behavior.
Bacteroides-associated NAD⁺ depletion correlates with exacerbated radiation-induced colorectal injury and impaired mucosal proliferative capacity.
Bacteroidales enrichment in the pretreatment gut microbiome is associated with NAD+ depletion, reduced mucosal proliferative capacity, and exacerbated radiation-induced colorectal injury, while NMN supplementation attenuates these effects.
Gut microbiota-dependent 24-hydroxycholesterol metabolism contributes to capsaicin-induced amelioration of Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in mice.
Dietary capsaicin ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-like pathology through gut microbiota-dependent elevation of 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol, which enhances microglial phagocytic activity and inhibits proinflammatory factors via LXRβ-mediated transcriptional regulation.
Genome-wide association analyses highlight the role of the intestinal molecular environment in human gut microbiota variation.
Genome-wide association analyses of harmonized metagenomic data from 16,017 adults identified 15 study-wide significant genetic associations involving eight loci and 14 common bacterial species, linking gut microbial variation genetically to gastrointestinal functions including enteroendocrine fatty acid sensing, bile composition, and mucosal layer composition.
A Global Perspective on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategy Innovation.
MASLD is a multifactorial disease involving dysregulated de novo lipogenesis, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, ferroptosis, and genetic/epigenetic predispositions, and the therapeutic focus is shifting from monotherapies to combination or dual-target strategies.
Host-derived nitrate fuels indole production by Escherichia coli to drive chronic kidney disease progression.
Host-derived nitrate from iNOS fuels E. coli growth and indole production in chronic kidney disease, creating a feed-forward loop that worsens renal pathology, which was mitigated by iNOS inhibition.
The gut microbiome and metabolome associate with Schistosoma mansoni infection and cardiovascular disease risk in Uganda.
Schistosoma mansoni infection associates with distinct gut microbial and metabolic profiles linked to cardiovascular disease risk in Uganda, with infection-associated microbial taxa statistically mediating relationships between infection and cardiovascular disease risk.
C9orf72 in myeloid cells prevents an inflammatory response to microbial glycogen.
Bacterial glycogen acts as a modifiable mediator of immune homeostasis in the gut and brain, with C9orf72 in myeloid cells preventing an inflammatory response to microbial glycogen, and inflammatory glycogen being detected in gut contents from 15/22 ALS patients compared to 4/12 healthy controls.
Investigating the impact of gut microbiota-derived metabolites on benign prostatic hyperplasia using network pharmacology approaches.
IL-6, AKT1, and IL-1B serve as the primary targets through which gut microbiota metabolites exert their therapeutic effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia, as identified through a network pharmacology 'Microbiota-Substrate-Metabolite-Target' (M-S-M-T) approach.
Clostridium butyricum alleviates multiple myeloma by remodeling the bone marrow microenvironment and inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway through the gut‒bone axis.
Clostridium butyricum alleviates multiple myeloma progression by remodeling the bone marrow microenvironment through suppression of Th17 cells and IL-17 levels, and inducing MM cell apoptosis via HDAC inhibition-mediated upregulation of PPARγ leading to sequential suppression of the PI3K/AKT pathway and BCL-2 expression.
Maternal prenatal co-exposure to air pollution and psychological distress shapes the neonatal gut: microbiota-mediated pathways to early neurodevelopment.
Maternal prenatal co-exposure to air pollution and psychological distress shapes neonatal meconium microbiota composition, with Ruminococcus mediating the relationship between co-exposure patterns and infant neurodevelopment at 3 months of age.
The Role of the Gut Microbiome in the Complex Network of Frailty Syndrome and Associated Comorbidities in Aging.
This study identified distinct microbial and functional signatures associated with frailty syndrome in older adults, with Eggerthella, Parabacteroides, and Erysipelatoclostridium enriched in frail individuals and Christensenellaceae R-7 group, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003, and Hungatella enriched in non-frail individuals, highlighting the complex interplay between gut microbiota and host physiology in aging.
Phocaeicola coprophilus-Derived 6-Methyluracil Attenuates Radiation-Induced Intestinal Fibrosis by Suppressing the IDO1-Kynurenine-AHR Axis.
Radiation depletes Phocaeicola coprophilus and its metabolite 6-methyluracil, leading to derepression of the IDO1-Kyn-AHR axis and fibrogenesis, and restoration of either P. coprophilus or 6-methyluracil represents a promising therapeutic strategy against radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis.
Washed microbiota transplantation relieves atopic dermatitis via gut-skin microbiome rebalancing.
WMT appears safe and effective in alleviating clinical manifestations of AD while reshaping both gut and skin microbiota, supporting the gut-skin axis as a therapeutic target.
Resolving cognitive heterogeneity in white matter hyperintensities through integrated analyses of microbiome, metabolome, and brain glymphatic function.
Integrated analyses revealed that associations between gut microbiota and cognition in white matter hyperintensities are mediated by the plasma metabolite tetradecyldiethanolamine and the glymphatic ALPS index, providing preliminary insights into microbiota-metabolites-glymphatic function-cognition associations.
Distinct effects of different Bacteroides strains on depressive-like behavior via a gut-Th1/Th17 cells-brain axis.
Three Bacteroides species have distinct effects on depression via a gut-Th1/Th17 cells-brain axis, with B. uniformis increasing susceptibility to depression by enhancing Th17 differentiation and elevating hippocampal IL-17A, while B. thetaiotaomicron and B. vulgatus attenuate depressive behaviors by suppressing Th1 and Th17 cells.
Balanophora involucrata alleviates diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting ferroptosis, modulating serum metabolites and gut microbiota.
Balanophora involucrata ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by regulating serum metabolites, remodeling the gut microbiota, and inhibiting ferroptosis via activation of Nrf2, GPX4, FPN1, FTH1, and SLC7A11 and suppression of TFR1 and ACSL4.
Multiomics analysis reveals the exacerbating effect of constipation on autism-related symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder.
Constipation exacerbates autism-related symptoms in children with ASD, mediated by alterations in bacterial taxa (Bacteroidetes, Alistipes, and Bilophila) and five associated metabolites (chenodeoxycholic acid, palmitic acid, glutaric acid, arachidonic acid, and choline).
Combining sorafenib with spermine and sphingosine synergistically enhances anticancer efficacy by modulating metabolic pathways and gut microbiome in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Combining sorafenib with spermine and sphingosine synergistically enhances anticancer efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting apoptosis, modulating metabolic enzyme expression, and increasing gut microbiome abundance of Faecalibaculum, which inversely correlates with tumor size.
An integrative multi-omics approach identifies microbiome alterations linked to pathological and behavioral features in autism spectrum disorder.
A multi-omics study of 326 ASD and 169 TD children found that gut microbial features, particularly increased Clostridioides difficile, serve as the strongest predictor of ASD symptom severity and brain structural variations, with gut-brain differences being age-dependent and diminishing as children with ASD aged.
Children's gut microbiota predicts the efficacy of obesity treatment.
Higher baseline gut microbiota diversity and specific microbial signatures, particularly Faecalibacterium abundance, predicted better outcomes in childhood obesity interventions, supporting the potential use of microbiota profiling to guide personalised treatment strategies.
Microbiota-metabolome interplay in depression: Metabolic insights and diagnostic potential.
Significant disruptions in gut microbial species, microbiota-related metabolic pathways, and metabolites were identified in depressive individuals, with metabolites serving as key mediators linking microbiota to depression and achieving AUC values of 0.82 and 0.80 in discriminating depression from controls.
Global Microbiome: Core and Unique Signatures Across Diverse Populations.
A meta-analysis of 10,878 gut microbiome samples across 27 countries identified core phyla (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria) shared globally alongside unique regional microbiome signatures, with Actinobacteria declining and Bacteroidetes increasing with age across all continents.
The enteric DNA virome differs in infants at risk for atopic disease.
The early infant enteric DNA virome develops differently in farming and urban lifestyles and may factor into risk of atopic disease development.
Honokiol attenuates diabetes by enriching Akkermansia muciniphila andregulating tryptophan metabolism in mice.
Honokiol's hypoglycemic effect primarily stems from AHR-GLP-1 pathway activation through targeted modulation of Akkermansia muciniphila and microbial tryptophan metabolite tryptamine.
Gut microbiome-produced bile acid metabolite lengthens the circadian period in host intestinal cells.
Lithocholic acid (LCA), a gut microbiome-produced bile acid metabolite, lengthens the circadian period of core clock gene hPer2 transcription in human colonic cells by modulating the CK1δ/ε-PP1 feedback loop and stabilizing CRY2, and alters circadian transcription in mouse distal ileum and colon.
Gut Microbiota-Derived Ursodeoxycholic Acid Mediates the Resistance to Colonic Inflammation in Pigs.
Gut microbiota-derived ursodeoxycholic acid mediates resistance to colonic inflammation by acting via the gut-liver axis on the farnesoid X receptor, inhibiting PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathways, establishing a causal link between gut microbiota and disease resistance.
Human immunodeficiency virus-associated gut microbiome impacts systemic immunodeficiency and susceptibility to opportunistic gut infection.
HIV-associated gut dysbiosis correlates with systemic immunodeficiency as proxied by peripheral CD4+ T cell counts, and faecal microbiome transplantation from severely immunodeficient PLWH impairs colonic epithelium-associated CD4+ T cell induction and protection from Cryptosporidium parvum infection in recipient mice.
Total and different types of olive oil consumption, gut microbiota, and cognitive function changes in older adults.
Higher consumption of virgin olive oil was associated with cognitive preservation and more diverse gut microbiota, possibly mediated by favorable alterations in gut microbiota composition including the taxon Adlercreutzia, while common olive oil consumption was linked to lower alpha diversity and accelerated cognitive decline.
Gut proteome and microbiome alterations: Analysis of transverse colon samples from pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease patients.
Proteomic and microbial analysis of transverse colon samples from pathologically confirmed AD patients revealed downregulated antimicrobial humoral response and oxidative stress pathways, upregulated catabolic and insulin signaling processes, altered complement and synaptic proteins, higher Aβ42 levels, and microbial composition changes that correlated with AD clinical variables including plaque and tangle burden.
Investigating Chronic Toxicity, Diet, Patient-Reported Outcomes and the Microbiome in Immunotherapy-Treated Metastatic Melanoma Survivors: A New Frontier.
Chronic toxicity is experienced by a substantial proportion of ICB-treated metastatic melanoma survivors, and patients experiencing CT showed distinct microbiome features, while dietary factors including fruit/vegetable and added sugar consumption were associated with anxiety and symptom severity.
Baby-to-baby strain transmission shapes the developing gut microbiome.
Microbiome transmission between babies is extensive during the first year of nursery, with nursery-acquired strains accounting for a proportion of the infant gut microbiome comparable to that from family by the end of the first term, pointing to social interactions in infancy as crucial drivers of infant microbiome development.
L-kynurenine reshapes immune microenvironment to alleviate methamphetamine-induced chronic lung injury through gut-lung axis.
L-kynurenine, a metabolite of Lactobacillus rhamnosus reduced by methamphetamine abuse, reshapes the immune microenvironment by inducing Treg cell differentiation and IL-10 secretion to alleviate methamphetamine-induced chronic lung injury through the gut-lung axis via the IL-10/JAK1/STAT3 pathway.
The role of gut microbiota in chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction: exploring fecal microbiota transplantation as a treatment option.
The CIPO microbiota exhibited reduced microbial diversity with dominance of Proteobacteria and altered metabolic function, and FMT from a healthy control improved microbiota profile, intestinal transit and bowel distension in both CIPO mice and a selected CIPO patient, in whom a marked clinical improvement was sustained for 8 years.
Exploring the Fecal Microbiome Dysbiosis and Its Plasma Metabolome Determinants in Advanced Parkinson's Disease With Motor Complications.
Integrated multiomics profiling revealed distinct gut microbial signatures and plasma metabolites in Parkinson's disease with motor complications, with fecal microbiome dysbiosis correlated to plasma metabolic changes, supporting the value of multiomics approaches for mechanistic understanding and diagnostic biomarker identification in PD-MC.
Microbiota-derived IPA protects against colitis by regulating intestinal HMGCS2-mediated ketogenesis to facilitate mucosal healing.
Microbiota-derived IPA protects against colitis by activating PPARα in intestinal epithelial cells to enhance HMGCS2-mediated ketogenesis and BHB production, which stimulates LGR5+ intestinal stem cells to accelerate epithelial regeneration.
Antibiotic-associated dysbiosis and bispecific antibody outcomes in multiple myeloma.
Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis prior to bispecific antibody therapy is associated with impaired immune reconstitution and inferior clinical outcomes in multiple myeloma, underscoring the importance of antibiotic stewardship.
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Induces an Anti-inflammatory Response and a Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Monocytes.
F. prausnitzii induces an anti-inflammatory response and rewires energy metabolism in human monocytes in healthy and inflamed conditions, potentially explaining its beneficial impact on intestinal inflammation and human health in general.
Tamoxifen induced hepatotoxicity via gut microbiota-mediated hyodeoxycholic acid depletion and Farnesoid X receptor signaling disruption.
Tamoxifen induces hepatotoxicity via gut microbiota dysbiosis that depletes hyodeoxycholic acid and disrupts the gut-liver bile acid-FXR axis, and HDCA supplementation restores this axis and alleviates TAM-induced liver injury.
Akebia saponin D attenuates ulcerative colitis via targeting EGFR and remodeling gut microbiota homeostasis.
Akebia saponin D attenuates ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the EGFR/MEK/ERK/AP-1 signaling cascade, remodeling gut microbiota composition by elevating Akkermansia muciniphila abundance, and promoting expansion of Hmgb2+ transit-amplifying cells and Muc2+ goblet cells in colonic tissues.
Early-life colonization by aromatic-lactate-producing bifidobacteria lowers the risk of allergic sensitization.
Early-life transmission of aromatic lactate-producing bifidobacteria, facilitated by vaginal delivery, older siblings, and exclusive breastfeeding, increases gut aromatic lactate levels and is inversely associated with food allergen-specific IgE development and atopic dermatitis, with 4-hydroxy-phenyllactate mediating this effect by inhibiting IgE but not IgG production.
A novel protein B2URF3 from Akkermansia muciniphila increased by intermittent fasting alleviates vascular calcification.
Alternate-day intermittent fasting (IF1:1) attenuates vascular calcification through gut microbiota-dependent enrichment of Akkermansia muciniphila, whose derived extracellular vesicles carry the novel protein B2URF3 that interacts with ALDH1B1 to suppress vascular smooth muscle cell osteogenic transdifferentiation.
Invasion of gut-derived escherichia coli extracellular vesicles exacerbates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly enhances invasion of gut-derived E. coli extracellular vesicles, which exacerbate systemic and local inflammatory responses and myocardial damage, and glucagon-like peptide-2 can alleviate these effects by inhibiting EV translocation.
HLA-B27-associated gut microbiota and amino acid perturbations promote ankylosing spondylitis through M1 macrophage activation.
HLA-B27-associated gut dysbiosis and metabolic reprogramming promote ankylosing spondylitis pathogenesis through macrophage-mediated inflammation and osteocatabolic signaling, with cinnabarinic acid identified as a critical microbial-derived metabolite that suppresses M1 macrophage polarization via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway.
Sex Differences in the Impact of Obesity on Immunity.
Biological sex shapes fat distribution, adipose inflammation, sex steroid signaling, gut microbiota, and systemic inflammation in obesity, collectively driving sex-specific differences in immune dysregulation and health outcomes including infectious diseases, vaccine responses, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and cardiometabolic risk.
Muribaculum intestinale negatively impacts glioma growth in mice through the toll-like receptor 2.
M. intestinale induces a pro-inflammatory response in glioma bearing mice, inhibiting tumor growth via TLR2-dependent signaling.
Gut microbial ethanol metabolism contributes to auto-brewery syndrome in an observational cohort.
Auto-brewery syndrome patients show enrichment of Proteobacteria including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with increased genes in ethanol-production metabolic pathways, and faecal samples from ABS patients during a flare produced more ethanol in vitro that could be reduced by antibiotic treatment.