Gut Microbiome
417 peer-reviewed studies indexed
Strain-level genetic heterogeneity and colonization dynamics drive microbiome therapeutic efficacy.
FMT improves anti-PD-1 efficacy and progression-free survival in advanced PD-L1-negative NSCLC, and strain-level genetic heterogeneity within identical species drives opposing therapeutic effects, establishing a 'strain-function-efficacy paradigm' to explain variable microbiome therapeutic outcomes.
The interplay of sleep characteristics with health factors and gut microbiome.
Lower alpha diversity is associated with poorer sleep quality, later chronotype, and greater social jet lag, and certain gut bacterial species may mediate diet's influence on sleep, suggesting potential for microbiome-targeted interventions to improve sleep health.
Flos sophorae immaturus exosome-like nanovesicles alleviate ulcerative colitis by attenuating intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation through activating Aryl hydrocarbon receptor via gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism regulation.
FSIEVs improve UC by regulating the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolites, enhancing IAA production, activating AhR, and suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ROS production.
The effect of pet dog exposure on gut antibiotic resistome and microbiome of their owners.
Cohabitation with pet dogs is associated with a shared gut resistome, with dog owners showing significantly higher abundance of specific aminoglycoside and tetracycline resistance genes compared to non-dog owners, and Enterobacteriaceae identified as shared core ARG hosts in both dog and human guts.
Associations between the microbiome and immune responses to an adenovirus-based HIV-1 candidate vaccine are distinct between African and US cohorts.
Geography was the major driver of microbiota differences, and differences in overall bacterial and viral diversity and in specific microbial taxa between participants from the United States and East African countries correlated with differential immune responses to adenovirus-based HIV-1 candidate vaccines.
In Vitro Effects of Twelve Food Additives on Gut Microbiome and Its Fibre Fermentation Capacity in Adults with Crohn's Disease in Remission and Healthy Controls.
Certain food additives significantly affected fibre fermentation capacity and microbiome structure in in vitro faecal fermentations, with only modest differences observed according to participants' health status.
AI-Guided Multi-Omic Microbiome Modulation Improves Clinical and Inflammatory Outcomes in Refractory IBD: A Real-World Study.
A three-month AI-guided multi-omic personalized microbiome modulation program in 358 adults with treatment-refractory IBD produced substantial reductions in stool frequency, normalization of inflammatory biomarkers in over 85% of cases, and significant increases in beneficial microbial taxa.
The MicroIBioM study: the gut microbiome in inclusion body myositis.
General differences of gut microbiome seem unlikely to play a role in the genesis of IBM, though increased abundances of specific genera including Bacteroides were detected in the IBM group, and gastrointestinal symptoms correlated with disease severity.
High dietary fiber is associated with improved outcomes in patients with melanoma and sarcoma treated with immunotherapy regardless of gut microbiome dysbiosis and social vulnerability.
High dietary fiber intake was associated with improved immunotherapy response and overall survival in melanoma and sarcoma patients, and while increased social vulnerability was associated with lower fiber intake and less favorable gut microbiome composition, it was not associated with worse overall survival.
Integrative analyses of dicarbonyls and advanced glycation end-products with multiomic profiles across tissue, plasma and stool samples reveal methylglyoxal accumulation in colon cancer.
A marked accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO) was observed in tumor tissue compared with adjacent mucosa in colon cancer patients, accompanied by remodeling of dicarbonyl-handling pathways and associations with tumor-related microbial signatures, highlighting novel coherent associations among tissue, circulating, and stool levels of MGO-derived AGEs.
Tucidinostat ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by inhibiting cellular senescence, modulating the p53 signaling pathway and cell cycle, and restoring the gut microbiota-metabolite Axis.
Tucidinostat ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by inhibiting cellular senescence, modulating the p53 signaling pathway and cell cycle progression, and restoring gut microbiota-metabolite homeostasis.
Anwei decoction alleviates chronic atrophic gastritis by modulating the gut microbiota-metabolite axis and NLRP3 inflammasome activity.
Anwei decoction alleviates chronic atrophic gastritis through multi-target synergistic mechanisms by directly suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and remodeling intestinal microbiota-metabolite homeostasis to enhance intestinal barrier function and regulate mucosal immune responses.
Dysbiosis in the Family nucleus of Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrumin Mexico City.
The gut microbiome of offspring with ASD is more similar to the mother's than the father's microbiome, suggesting potential heritability of the disorder through parental connectedness of the gut microbiome.
Gut microbiome composition influences immunologic alterations in the blood and gut of HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men.
HIV infection and MSM-associated factors shape distinct tissue-specific relationships between gut microbiome composition and immune cell populations in blood and colonic biopsies, with HIV linked to loss of tissue-resident T cells and ILC3s in the colon and ILC2s and naive CD8+ T cells in blood, while MAIT cells were reduced in MSM engaging in high-risk sexual behaviors regardless of HIV status.
Altered acetate metabolism and signaling in IgA nephropathy: an integrated gut microbiome and glomerular spatial transcriptome analysis.
IgA nephropathy is characterized by gut microbial enrichment in acetate metabolism and increased systemic acetate levels, along with altered intraglomerular expression of metabolic and signaling genes, suggesting a gut microbiome-glomerular signaling axis contributing to disease pathogenesis.
Alterations of the gut virome in patients with Parkinson's disease.
The gut virome in Parkinson's disease shows increased richness and diversity with 640 differentially abundant vOTUs, and a random forest model using the top 22 vOTUs achieved an AUC of 0.822 in distinguishing PD patients from healthy controls.
Gut microbiota responses to complementary food sources differ by milk feeding type.
Solid food source is a previously under-investigated driver of infant microbiome variability, with effects contingent on milk feeding, as human milk may buffer against dietary choices whereas formula-fed infants show heightened sensitivity to complementary food source.
Intestinal microbiome in very-preterm infants at one month of age and association with neurodevelopmental outcome.
The gut microbiome of very preterm infants at one month is mostly driven by either Escherichia or Staphylococcus, which are differentially associated with host immune markers, metabolomic pathways, and two-year neurodevelopmental outcomes, with Escherichia associated with better neurodevelopment and Staphylococcus associated with immaturity.
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals oral microbiome-metabolome signatures of obesity.
Integrative multi-omics analysis of 628 Emirati adults reveals that obese individuals exhibit altered oral microbiome diversity, composition, and metabolite profiles—including enrichment of proinflammatory taxa and upregulation of carbohydrate metabolism and obesogenic metabolites—highlighting oral microbiome-host interactions as novel targets for obesity prevention and intervention.
Human Milk and Infant Gut Microbiome in Association With Infant Fecal Metabolome and Child Blood Pressure.
Early-life interactions between human milk feeding and B infantis, among other bacteria, were associated with the infant fecal metabolome and childhood SBP, underscoring the potential importance of early-life nutrition-microbe interplay in cardiometabolic health.
Gut fungi exacerbates gallstone formation by activating neutrophil extracellular traps in the liver.
Gut fungal dysbiosis exacerbates gallstone formation by promoting hepatic neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, and fluconazole treatment effectively inhibits gallstone formation in mice on a lithogenic diet.
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial and Multi-Omics Analysis of Electrolysed Alkaline Water: Impacts on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Signatures in Hyperuricemia.
This pilot randomized controlled trial suggests that consumption of electrolyzed alkaline water is associated with a modest reduction in serum uric acid, with concurrent changes in gut microbiota and metabolic profiles, supporting further investigation as a potential adjunctive, non-pharmacological option for hyperuricemia.
Gut microbiota composition and derived enterotypes are associated with ponderal status in preschool children. Childhood obesity risk assessment longitudinal study (CORALS) cohort.
Gut microbiota composition and functionality are strongly associated with weight status in early childhood, suggesting microbial biomarkers and metabolic pathways relevant to understanding early obesity development.
Cedrol ameliorates ulcerative colitis via myeloid differentiation factor 2-mediated inflammation suppression, with barrier restoration and microbiota modulation.
Cedrol ameliorates ulcerative colitis by binding to myeloid differentiation factor 2 to suppress TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cascades, while also promoting mucosal barrier reconstitution and microbiota remodeling.
Prospective association between the gut microbiome and incident hypertension: a 20-year cohort study.
Our results do not provide strong evidence for an association between the gut microbiome and risk of future hypertension, especially after adjusting for covariates that are known to influence the gut microbiome.
Gut microbe-derived N-acyl serinol lipids shape host postprandial metabolic homeostasis.
Gut microbiome-derived N-acyl amide lipids play a physiologic role in postprandial metabolic homeostasis by reorganizing host hormone-driven metabolic transition after a meal and exerting broad effects on circadian-related gene expression, metabolic hormones, and gut microbiome composition.
Endotoxins and Metabolic Endotoxemia in Obesity and Associated Noncommunicable Diseases: A Focus on Sex Differences.
Metabolic endotoxemia, driven by gut dysbiosis and impaired barrier function, is proposed as a mechanism linking inflammation to obesity and associated noncommunicable diseases, with most influencing factors exhibiting sexual dimorphism that warrants consideration in future prevention strategies.
Fusobacterium nucleatum plays a pathogenic role in a murine model of irritable bowel syndrome by modulating intestinal purine metabolism and promoting mast cell activation.
Fusobacterium nucleatum plays a pathogenic role in a murine model of IBS by upregulating purine nucleoside phosphorylase in intestinal epithelial cells, promoting uric acid production that directly activates mast cells to induce visceral hypersensitivity and other IBS-like symptoms.
Sulforaphane attenuates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via the Nrf2/STAT3 signaling pathway and gut microbiota modulation.
Sulforaphane's protective effects against ulcerative colitis involve regulation of the Nrf2/STAT3 signaling pathway and modulation of gut microbiota, with Nrf2 identified as a key mediator of SFN's action.
Cholesterol-lowering effects of oats induced by microbially produced phenolic metabolites in metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
Microbially produced phenolic metabolites, particularly ferulic acid and dihydroferulic acid, are driving factors for the cholesterol-lowering effect of oats in individuals with metabolic syndrome.
Gut Microbiota-Derived Propionic Acid Mediates ApoA-I-Induced Amelioration of MASLD via Activation of GPR43-Ca2+-CAMKII-ATGL Hepatic Lipolysis.
ApoA-I overexpression ameliorates MASLD in a gut microbiota-dependent manner by elevating propionic acid levels, which activate the GPR43-Ca2+-CAMKII-ATGL hepatic lipolysis pathway.
Faecal microbiome and serum metabolomics: potential biomarkers for type 2 diabetes.
Faecal microbiome and serum metabolomics profiles were significantly different between T2D patients and healthy controls, with random forest models achieving excellent diagnostic performance (AUC values of 0.9764 and 0.9823, respectively), indicating their potential as biomarkers for T2D diagnosis and treatment.
GutMIND: A multi-cohort machine learning framework for integrative characteristics of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neuropsychiatric disorders.
The GutMIND framework integrates shotgun metagenomic data from 31 studies across 12 countries into the largest gut-brain microbiome repository to date, enabling cross-cohort machine learning diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders and identification of 9 core neuropsychiatric-protective microbiota linked to glutamate synthesis and acetate production.
Short-term sleep restriction in humans alters diurnal circulating metabolite profiles, including those of microbial origin.
Sleep restriction alters diurnal circulating microbial and host-derived metabolite rhythms even under constant meal timing, composition, and calories, providing evidence that microbial metabolites are detectable in human blood and exhibit sleep-dependent rhythmicity.
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals gut-skin axis mechanisms and novel therapeutic target GALE in atopic dermatitis.
Integrative multi-omics analysis established a causal relationship between the Eubacterium eligens group and atopic dermatitis through vitamin precursor-mediated systemic immune modulation, and identified GALE as a novel therapeutic target with unexpectedly higher methotrexate binding affinity (-10.4 kcal/mol) than the classical target TYMS (-7.5 kcal/mol).
Feasibility Study Exploring the Effect of Pelvic Radiotherapy on the Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolome to Improve the Detection and Management of Gastrointestinal Toxicity.
Exploratory analysis suggests heptanal and octanal may have a role as biomarkers for GI toxicity, and lower alpha diversity may predict GI toxicity, with Lachnoclostridium and Ruminococcaceae Incertae sedis as bacteria of interest in patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy.
Causal links between gut microbiota, plasma metabolites, and insomnia: Insights from Mendelian randomization.
Mendelian randomization analysis identified 10 gut microbiomes and 35 plasma metabolites potentially associated with insomnia, with 3-ethylcatechol sulphate significantly mediating the effects of gut microbiomes on insomnia risk, explaining up to 31.49% of the total effect.
Effects of incrementally increased plant-based protein intake on gut microbiota and inflammatory-metabolic biomarkers in healthy adults.
Incrementally increased pea protein isolate intake affects the growth of certain beneficial bacterial strains and differentially influences markers related to gut inflammation in healthy individuals.
Gut microbiome signatures associated with depression and obesity.
Gut microbiome profiling classified subjects as depressed or non-depressed with a balanced accuracy of 0.90, revealing distinct microbial and functional signatures associated with MDD including taxa and pathways linked to neurotransmitter metabolism and independent of other covariates.
Microbial metabolite oxindole curbs acute lung injury by suppressing CXCL13.
Dietary tryptophan-derived microbial metabolite oxindole protects against acute lung injury by promoting aryl hydrocarbon receptor-RelA binding in pulmonary macrophages to suppress RelA-mediated transcriptional activation of CXCL13, defining a protective microbiota-dependent gut-lung axis.
Intratumoral bacterium Enterocloster bolteae promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by directly binding tumor cells.
E. bolteae is enriched in feces of HCC patients, translocates to the liver via the gut-liver axis, and promotes tumor progression through a PbpT-DSG1-MAPK axis, with blockade of PbpT abrogating its tumor-promoting effects.
The HUNT study identifies host genetic factors reproducibly associated with human gut microbiota composition.
A genome-wide association study in 12,652 HUNT individuals identified 12 reproducible SNP-species associations across six genomic loci (LCT, ABO, HLA-DQB1, MUC12, SLC37A2, FUT2) linking host genetics to gut microbiota composition, with follow-up analyses suggesting connections to celiac disease, hemorrhoidal disease, and causal effects of BMI on microbiota.
Multimodal analysis disentangles the genetic and microbial associations between inflammatory bowel disease and other immune-mediated diseases across a harmonized population framework.
Multimodal analysis of IBD and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases reveals heterogeneous shared etiological pathways, with distinct genetic and microbial contributions depending on disease pair, underscoring the need for stratified approaches to diagnosing and treating IBD.
Gut Microbiome Diagnostic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer.
Fecal microbial markers, particularly Fusobacterium nucleatum and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, show potential for diagnosing CRC and monitoring its progression, with P. anaerobius exhibiting the highest diagnostic value when combined with Fn.
Inflammatory dietary potential and gut microbiota in older adults with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Anti-inflammatory dietary potential as measured by lower energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index score may enhance gut microbiota diversity and potentially modulate its composition in older adults with metabolic syndrome.
Akkermansia muciniphila vesicles attenuate smoking-induced cognitive decline via ILA-mediated AhR-dependent microglial reprogramming.
Smoking-induced gut dysbiosis reduces Akkermansia muciniphila and its metabolite indole-3-lactic acid, contributing to cognitive impairment via AhR-dependent microglial reprogramming, and treatment with A. muciniphila-derived outer membrane vesicles or exogenous ILA mitigates these deficits.
Oleanolic acid alleviates intestinal injury after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion under steatosis via PPARG-dependent M2 macrophage polarization.
Oleanolic acid alleviates intestinal injury secondary to ischemia-reperfusion injury in severe hepatic steatosis via activation of the PPARG receptor, which promotes macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype.
Depression Aggravates Immune-Mediated Hepatitis Through NLRP3 Overactivation Induced by Intestinal Microbiota.
Depression aggravates immune-mediated hepatitis through disruption of intestinal barrier integrity and overactivation of hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome, with gut-derived Lactococcus formosensis translocating to the liver as a key mechanistic driver.
Dolutegravir restores gut microbiota in late-stage HIV-1 unlike darunavir: an open-label, randomized clinical trial.
Dolutegravir-based therapy restores the gut microbiota more effectively than darunavir/ritonavir in patients who present late with HIV, with changes associated with reduced inflammation and lower immune activation.
Novel bacterium Enterocloster sp. M3 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis via the production of the carcinogen styrene.
M3, a novel bacterium phylogenetically related to Enterocloster aldenensis, promotes colorectal tumorigenesis via direct biosynthesis of the carcinogen styrene through two novel bacterial enzymes, aspartate ammonia-lyase and uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, converting phenylalanine to styrene.