Body Composition
496 peer-reviewed studies indexed
The causal relationship between body composition indexes and primary membranous nephropathy: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
The present study demonstrated causal relationships between body composition indexes (weight, body fat percentage, waist circumference, and hip circumference) and primary membranous nephropathy, while reverse MR analysis indicated no causal relationship between PMN and the body composition indexes.
Nomogram predicting short- and long-term outcomes in colon cancer based on CT body composition.
Sarcopenia (low SMI) is a standalone predictor for postoperative complications and recurrence-free survival in colon cancer patients, whereas myosteatosis (low IMAT) independently predicts RFS, and a nomogram based on CT body composition demonstrated strong predictive performance for short- and long-term outcomes.
Changes in body composition and resting energy expenditure during the first year after Roux-en-Y or one-anastomosis gastric bypass.
Adaptive thermogenesis accounted for ~44% of the 6-month postoperative decline in resting energy expenditure after gastric bypass, was no longer clearly evident at 12 months, and did not differ significantly between Roux-en-Y and one-anastomosis gastric bypass procedures.
Bone structure and body composition in adolescents with cow's milk allergy in infancy: a clinical cohort study.
An early childhood history of cow's milk allergy may be associated with lower adolescent radial and tibial volumetric bone mineral density compared with peers with refuted CMA and healthy controls.
Joint association of triglyceride-glucose index and body roundness index for sarcopenia risk: A national cohort study.
Both TyG and BRI were significantly associated with sarcopenia risk, and combined assessment of TyG and BRI enhanced predictive capacity, with the high TyG/high BRI group showing the strongest protective effect (HR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.14-0.35) and synergistic additive interaction between the two measures.
Body roundness index and mortality risk in chronic diseases: a national prospective longitudinal study in China.
BRI is a multifaceted predictor of chronic disease mortality, with higher BRI conferring significant protective effects against all-cause mortality in the overall population and in hypertension, lung disease, asthma, and dyslipidemia, while elevated BRI increased liver disease mortality risk.
Weight loss with GLP-1 medicines does not result in a disproportionate loss of muscle mass or function in obese mice and humans.
GLP-1 medicines predominantly reduce body fat alongside a small but significant decrease in lean body mass, but relative muscle mass and strength improve, resulting in better running performance in obese mice and improved body composition without negatively affecting strength in patients with obesity.
A comparative analysis of BMI and skinfold measurements in the assessment of body composition parameters.
The sum of four skinfold thicknesses provides a more accurate measure of adiposity than BMI or MUAC in UAE children, and national BMI, upper-arm circumference, and sum of four skinfolds charts have been constructed as a reference standard for the UAE.
Assessment of body composition in active and controlled acromegaly by bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.
A high conformity between BIA predictions and DXA scan measurements was observed in patients with acromegaly during both active disease and hormonal control, and BIA provides additional important estimations of body water content.
The Relationship Between Arterial Stiffness, Anthropometry, and Body Composition in Middle-Aged Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Abdominal obesity and visceral fat parameters are associated with high CAVI in middle-aged individuals, with higher visceral fat level linked to increased arterial stiffness.
Plasma levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, and cortisol in sarcopenia: comparison with non-sarcopenic individuals and the impact of resistance exercise and nutrition interventions.
Sarcopenic individuals exhibit significantly lower serotonin, adrenaline, and noradrenaline compared to non-sarcopenic controls, with no significant difference in cortisol levels, and resistance exercise combined with nutritional interventions increased noradrenaline levels in sarcopenic patients.
Handgrip strength and body composition in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A cross-section study.
AMA, AMP, and age showed positive associations with handgrip strength in all quantiles analyzed, while BMI showed a negative association with HGS in all quantiles in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Somatotype and body composition of healthy adult men and women and their contribution to civilization diseases risk.
Somatotype may provide complementary information to individual measurements for assessing biological risk and predisposition to disease among adults, especially women, and can be considered a useful and appropriate tool for describing health-related characteristics across different populations.
Influence of body composition on the efficacy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Greater subcutaneous adiposity and skeletal muscle mass were independently associated with shorter progression-free survival among patients with metastatic ccRCC treated with first-line nivolumab+ipilimumab, supporting the concept that host body composition influences heterogeneous clinical benefit observed with ICI.
Body composition and functional status in the COVID-19 recovery phase: Prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity.
A high presence of sarcopenia/sarcopenic obesity (40.5%) was identified in individuals post-COVID-19 and was negatively associated with health outcomes, while COVID-19 symptoms, disease severity, and duration were not associated with sarcopenia/SO diagnosis.
The association between cancer history and long-term body composition based on a 10-year follow-up.
A history of cancer continues to exert long-term adverse effects on body composition, characterized primarily by abnormal fat accumulation, and cancer survivors with both a low lean mass index and a high fat mass index had the highest mortality risk.
Effects of liraglutide treatment for 35-days on total and regional fat free, lean, and bone mass, and on the Myostatin-Activin-Follistatin-IGF-1 axes: a secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled crossover study.
Short-term liraglutide treatment reduces total and regional mass without altering relative body composition, and further research is warranted to confirm and clarify the clinical significance of these changes and identify strategies to preserve muscle mass during weight loss.
Body Composition, Fatigue, Mobility, and Functional Status in Individuals With Stroke: A Case-Control Study With Healthy Controls.
Body composition in stroke patients is negatively affected on both the affected and unaffected sides, characterized by increased fat mass and decreased muscle mass, which may contribute to post-stroke fatigue and reduced functional independence and mobility.
Associations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with sarcopenia and related factors: Nutritional status, body composition, antioxidant capacity, and inflammatory profile.
Patients with COPD were at risk for malnutrition and sarcopenia, and nutritional status was significantly associated with muscle function, antioxidant capacity, inflammatory status, adipomyokines levels, and the risk of developing COPD and sarcopenia.
Sex Differences in the Association Between Body Composition and Cognitive Performance in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.
Spatial navigation performance in adolescents with type 1 diabetes is influenced by body composition in boys and weight status in girls, with sex-specific risk factors including muscle-to-fat ratio and diabetes duration in boys, and BMI and HbA1c at onset in girls.
Body Composition and Fat Deposition in Children with Cushing Disease and Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.
Pediatric patients with Cushing disease have greater adiposity and reduced lean and bone mass compared with BMI-similar peers, and BMI underestimates fat burden in patients with CD, suggesting that dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures may better reflect metabolic risk.
Stage- and sex-specific associations of prenatal individual and mixed metals exposure with adiposity peak and adiposity rebound among children: a prospective birth cohort study.
Prenatal exposure to metals including Al, Mn, Co, Ba, Tl, and Hg was positively associated with age and BMI of adiposity peak and negatively associated with age of adiposity rebound, with sex-specific and stage-specific associations identified in a prospective birth cohort study.
Phase Angle in Bioelectrical Impedance: New Perspectives in Health and Body Composition Assessment.
Phase angle determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis is significantly correlated with body fluid distribution and body composition, with key determinants differing by sex—fat mass (particularly visceral fat) predominates in men while muscle mass is the dominant factor in women.
Performance Optimization in Streetlifting: The Combined Role of Nutrition, Lean Mass, and Sleep.
Performance in streetlifting appears strongly driven by strength-to-bodyweight ratio, supported by low-to-moderate fat mass and adequate lean mass, with evidence suggesting that meeting energy requirements, consuming 1.2–1.5 g/kg/day of protein, creatine supplementation, and sleep optimization may enhance performance and recovery.
Do Physical Activity and Diet Independently Account for Variation in Body Fat in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review Unpacking the Roles of Exercise and Diet in Childhood Obesity.
In free-living children and adolescents, adiposity was strongly independently and negatively related to physical activity, but there was no evidence of any independent relationship between adiposity and energy intake across all four studies satisfying rigorous methodological standards.
Relationship between eating awareness, physical fitness, and body composition in community-living older adults: a cross-sectional study.
Older adults with higher eating awareness tended to have better physical fitness results, greater muscle mass, and lower body fat percentage and BMI compared to those with lower eating awareness.
[Iodine and vitamin status, body composition in older persons living in Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)].
Iodine and vitamin B2 deficiency are most common in elderly indigenous people of Yakutia, iodine deficiency worsens with age, and elevated serum retinol levels (>80 µg/dl) in older women were associated with negative changes in body composition parameters associated with aging.
Relationship of body composition with cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels in Korean men and women.
Elevated cortisol levels are associated with lower adiposity particularly in women, DHEAS levels are positively correlated with height and body mass, and prediction of central obesity is positively associated with cortisol levels and the cortisol/DHEAS ratio in men.
Identification of Sarcopenic Obesity by Fat-to-Muscle Ratio in Older Adults: A Cohort Study.
The fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy for identifying sarcopenic obesity compared to BMI, waist circumference, and phase angle among community-dwelling older adults, showing the highest AUC values in both sexes.
Body composition, hepatic fat, metabolic, and safety outcomes of Tesamorelin, a GHRH analogue, in HIV-associated lipodystrophy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Tesamorelin improves body composition, hepatic fat, lean body mass, and IGF-1 levels in HIV-associated lipodystrophy, without serious side effects or perturbation of glucose.
Metabolic and body composition alterations in normal-weight adults with prediabetes: A DEXA-based analysis.
In normal-weight adults with prediabetes, the DEXA-derived android-to-gynoid fat ratio was an independent predictor of prediabetes in women, while men showed early renal dysfunction and age-modulated central fat distribution effects on glucose metabolism.
Energy Availability, Body Composition, and Phase Angle Among Adolescent Artistic Gymnasts During a Competitive Season.
Adolescent non-elite artistic gymnasts showed no clear indications of low energy availability and exhibited a normal body composition and phase angle during the competitive season, consistent with their energy availability.
Relationship of body composition and lung function in adult and elderly males and females.
This study confirms significant associations between body compartments and lung function in adults and in elderly and shows the need to consider body compartments in the assessment and interpretation of lung function results.
Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with sex hormones and body composition in Chinese older adults.
In Chinese older adults, 25-(OH)D levels correlated positively with total testosterone in elderly men, but this correlation may be BMI-dependent, and as 25-(OH)D levels decreased, body fat percentage increased, suggesting a potential mediating role of increased BMI/adiposity in the vitamin D-testosterone relationship.
Association of body fat distribution with bone mineral density: evidence from observational and mendelian randomization analyses.
Gynoid fat shows a beneficial and causal effect on BMD, whereas the inverse associations observed for visceral and total body fat appear to be non-causal, underscoring the importance of considering fat distribution rather than merely total body fat or weight when evaluating bone health.
Body roundness index and cardiometabolic multimorbidity: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.
Both BRI and BMI were independently and linearly associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity, with BRI showing slightly stronger predictive performance than BMI.
Body Composition in Liver Transplant Patients: Long-Term Changes and Impact on Recovery Outcomes.
Sarcopenia persists long after liver transplantation and is associated with reduced survival, while unfavorable fat distribution (higher VAT and VAT/SAT ratio) was associated with longer hospital/ICU stay.
IL-34 as a Novel Mediator Linking Vitamin D Deficiency with Osteoporosis and Knee Osteoarthritis.
Our data clearly demonstrate existence of a physiological-pathological continuum: obesity-VDD-IL-34 and both OP and KOA, with structural equation modeling confirming that FM/WT predicts VDD status, VDD is directly associated with elevated IL-34 levels, and IL-34 levels in turn are a possible cause of KOA and OP.
Effects of energy-matched low- versus high-carbohydrate diets on glycaemic control, lipid profile, and body composition in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Under energy-matched conditions, low-carbohydrate diets confer modest advantages for glycaemia, HDL-C, and triglycerides, whereas high-carbohydrate diets better lower LDL-C, with most effects not depending on exercise status.
Sleep duration, body composition and mortality: a prospective study of 156,565 Mexican adults.
Excess adiposity, particularly waist circumference, emerged as the primary determinant of mortality risk, largely independent of sleep duration, with CVD mortality risk highest among individuals with high WC and short sleep (HR: 7.28; 95% CI: 2.22–23.79).
Efficacy and Safety of Steamed Ginger Extract for Body Weight and Body Fat Reduction in Overweight Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
Twelve weeks of GGE03 supplementation were associated with statistically significant improvements in body composition and lipid parameters without safety concerns, supporting the potential of 1-dehydro-6-gingerdione-standardized steamed ginger extract as a well-tolerated functional dietary ingredient for body fat management and metabolic health.
Body composition references, sarcopenia cutoffs, and prevalence in youth using bioelectrical impedance analysis.
This study established BIA-based body composition reference values for youth using nationally representative data, identified age- and sex-specific sarcopenia cutoff points and prevalence estimates, and highlighted age- and sex-specific differences.
Effects of Four Weeks of Alternate-Day Fasting with or Without Protein Supplementation-A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Four weeks of alternate-day fasting significantly reduced body, fat, and fat-free mass in young Asian men with unhealthy BMI, but low-dose protein supplementation (25 g whey protein on fasting days) did not attenuate the reduction in muscle mass.
Altered Body Composition in Dizziness and Vestibular Dysfunction: Insights From the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Sarcopenia was significantly associated with dizziness with vestibular dysfunction compared to both dizziness without vestibular dysfunction (OR 1.65) and controls (OR 1.92), while bone mineral and fat proportions were comparable among groups.
Physical fitness and body composition assessments in advanced cancer patients undergoing exenterative surgery - A pilot cohort study.
In advanced pelvic cancer patients undergoing exenterative surgery, reduced peak power output was significantly associated with major postoperative morbidity, and skeletal muscle index was strongly predictive of cardiopulmonary exercise testing variables, suggesting CPET and body composition warrant further evaluation for combined morbidity prediction.
Concomitant associations of dietary behaviours and physical activity with body composition in adolescents.
More frequent breakfast consumption and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity are associated with favourable body composition parameters in Slovak adolescents.
Cardiometabolic and molecular adaptations to 6-month intermittent fasting in middle-aged men and women with overweight: secondary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial.
Six months of intermittent fasting in middle-aged adults with overweight led to 8% body weight reduction, 16% decrease in body fat, significant improvements in lipid profile, and significant multi-omic changes in lipid metabolism, bile acid signaling, and enteroendocrine regulation, including downregulation of GLP-1-related transcripts.
Association of Body Fat Distribution Patterns at MRI with Brain Structure, Cognition, and Neurologic Diseases.
Latent profile analysis of MRI-derived fat distribution identified six body fat profiles, where pancreatic-predominant and skinny-fat patterns in particular were associated with adverse neurologic outcomes including gray matter atrophy, white matter hyperintensities, accelerated brain aging, cognitive decline, and increased risk of neurologic disease.
Effects of vitamin D intake alone on elderly body composition: A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.
Vitamin D intake alone did not increase skeletal muscle mass index, lean mass, or handgrip strength in elderly individuals aged 60 years and older, although a possible decrease in fat mass was observed.
Relationship between aerobic fitness and adipose tissue insulin resistance.
Greater aerobic fitness is associated with improved adipose tissue insulin responsiveness independent of age, sex, BMI, visceral adipose tissue, body fat, percent body fat, and adipocyte size, suggesting that exercise may improve both adipose tissue and muscle function.