Exercise & Training
436 peer-reviewed studies indexed
Effectiveness of the Combined Exercise and Cognitive Training System in Enhancing Frontal Lobe Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Control Study.
The multitask training system did not confer additional benefits beyond aerobic exercise under a low-intensity, short-duration protocol in older adults, with no significant improvements in cognitive performance or frontopolar hemodynamic reactivity.
Physical function, daily activities, and spinal pain in the elderly: A cross-sectional study.
Spinal pain and age are significantly associated with functional decline and impaired balance in older adults, suggesting that assessing cervical disability and postural stability should be integral to geriatric evaluation.
Physical Activity Alleviates Obesity-Related Osteoarthritis Risk: Multi-Dimensional Analysis From Population Data.
Reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity lower OA risk by alleviating obesity burden and regulating PRMT6-mediated mechanisms, providing novel evidence for precise prevention and management of obesity-associated OA and supporting a dual-target intervention strategy.
Exploring Common and Novel Actualized Affordances of Fitbit: Mixed Methods Study.
Most Fitbit users actualized updating and reminding affordances, while few actualized novel affordances reflecting self-regulation and social connection, suggesting Fitbit should focus on core tracking and reminding while providing optional features that foster guidance, community, accountability, and personal relevance.
Kinetics of the trunk in association with the attenuation of upper body acceleration during walking.
Trunk flexion-extension torque played a role in shock absorption during walking, but given the limitation of the trunk's shock absorption capacity, head acceleration in the anterior-posterior direction was more pronounced at high walk ratios (slower cadence).
Cardiopulmonary and skeletal muscle strategies underlying exhaustive exercise in adults with glycogen storage disease type III.
Reduced exercise tolerance in GSDIII-p is related to respiratory and skeletal muscle inefficiencies, with GSDIII-p exhibiting significantly lower peak values of VO2, pulmonary ventilation, blood lactate, and vastus lateralis O2 fractional extraction compared to healthy controls.
Promoting active outdoor play and healthy dietary behaviours through the co-creation of supporting physical and social environments for and with primary school-aged children living in underserved neighbourhoods in Europe: the protocol of the B-Challenged project.
The B-Challenged project protocol describes a multi-country participatory action research approach combined with systems dynamics methods to co-create systemic actions promoting active outdoor play and healthy dietary behaviours with and for primary school-aged children in underserved European neighbourhoods.
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 is implicated in the insulin response to protein ingestion in older adults.
IP6K1 may be involved in the reduction in amino acid metabolism and the insulin-mediated response to protein and resistance exercise in older adults, with older adults presenting reduced plasma and muscle IP6K1 alongside reduced phenylalanine rate of disappearance compared to young adults.
Social media exposure and appearance anxiety: A chain mediation model moderated by physical activity.
Social media exposure was positively associated with appearance anxiety via ideal beauty internalization and self-objectification, with physical activity intensity showing pathway-specific moderation of these indirect associations.
Physical Activity in Osteosarcoma Patients During and Post Therapy: A Single Site Prospective Observational Study.
Osteosarcoma patients were below recommended daily step count values until after therapy was complete, suggesting exercise programs should encourage activity on treatment days while scheduling more intensive exercise well after antineoplastic therapy.
Shaping healthier futures: community-level impact of the Alberta Healthy Communities Approach.
The Alberta Healthy Communities Approach Phase II produced three key outcomes in 19 rural communities—supportive built environments for health, community wellness culture, and community capacity—demonstrating positive effects on improving the built environment and supporting health behaviours to prevent cancer and chronic disease.
Evaluating the Level of Lead, Chromium and Malondialdehyde in A Sample of Hypertensive Elderly Tobacco Smokers in Urban and Rural Populations and Impact of Physical Activity: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.
Urban hypertensive elderly smokers exhibited significantly higher serum lead and MDA levels than rural counterparts, with serum lead identified as the strongest positive predictor of oxidative stress and physical activity showing a strong negative correlation with oxidative stress.
Investigating the effects of post-exercise serum treatments on APP processing in iPSC-derived neurons and astrocytes.
Human post-exercise serum can modulate AβPP processing in iPSC-derived neural cells, supporting the concept that circulating exercise-induced factors can influence neuronal pathways relevant to AD pathology.
Exercise Participation Among Physically Active Adults: A Multidimensional Analysis of Demographic, Anthropometric, Personality, and Behavioral Factors.
Cluster analysis identified three distinct behavioral profiles combining demographic, physical, and psychological attributes, with gender, age, BMI, and personality traits differentially predicting exercise type, frequency, duration, and motivational regulation among recreationally active adults.
Walk and listen: A multidimensional study on the soundscape of a University District.
Sound perception is shaped by contextual and semantic factors and cannot be fully captured by conventional acoustic metrics alone, as sites with comparable A-weighted sound pressure levels elicited different perceptual evaluations depending on the dominant noise source and its perceived meaning.
The social nature of parks: associations between social interactions and park visitation and physical activity among children and adolescents.
Social interactions in parks, including socializing frequency and accompaniment, were associated with higher odds of park visitation frequency, duration, and physical activity among both children and adolescents.
[The Scientific Usage of GPS Data in Professional Football: Relevance, Norm Values and Practical Recommendations].
GPS data use in professional football should be contextualized to guide coaches rather than serve as rigid target parameters, with high sampling frequency (18 Hz) systems recommended and GPS parameters such as total running distance, sprints, accelerations, decelerations, and high-speed distances being of high practical relevance for athletic performance and injury prevention.
BEhavioural Weight Management: COMponents of Effectiveness (BE:COME) Synopsis.
Behavioural weight management interventions are effective for weight loss during the initial phase, with components including tailoring, flexibility, multimodal referral pathways, in-person delivery, and personalised dietary advice associated with greater weight loss at 12 weeks.
Overdose Prevention Centers and Neighborhood Commercial Activity in New York City.
OPC opening was not associated with significant changes in local economic activity, and given the absence of observed economic harms, policy debates should instead focus on the public health implications of OPCs.
Standardized Methods for Evaluating Physical and Eating Behaviors: The WEALTH Cross-Sectional Study Protocol.
The WEALTH cross-sectional study developed standardized methods using wearable sensors, ecological momentary assessments, and dietary recalls to simultaneously capture physical and eating behaviors in 627 European participants, with machine learning models for behavior classification currently under development.
Edge-Aided Radar-Based Exercise Form Classification Using Lightweight Ensemble Learning for Personalized Healthcare.
RehabRadar, an edge-aided mmWave radar system using a hybrid ensemble of MobileNetV3 and CNN-LSTM with late fusion, achieves 91.5% accuracy and 92.0% macro-F1 for personalized exercise form classification on a Raspberry Pi 4B with 1.5 s end-to-end latency and a 21 MB model footprint.
Validity of Galaxy Watch for Estimating Energy Expenditure During Intermittent Running: Cross-Sectional Study.
The Galaxy Watch 6 and GW7 devices showed moderate validity for estimating energy expenditure during intermittent running exercises, demonstrating the suitability of the GW as a low-cost and practical wearable option for daily physical activities.
The association between physical activity and depression in emerging adults: the pathway of subjective exercise experience.
Higher levels of physical activity were associated with lower levels of depression among Chinese college students, with subjective exercise experience—primarily positive wellbeing—serving as a significant mediator in this relationship.
Evaluating Velocity-Based Approaches for Predicting One-Repetition Maximum in The Snatch.
Recording peak velocity during warm-up sets prior to competition may serve as a complementary variable to support and refine opener selection in weightlifting competitions, but coaches should use this approach with caution as it may not provide accurate snatch performance predictions for all athletes.
Why nonlinear models matter: unified analysis of cognitive load, stress, and exercise using wearable physiological signals.
Physiological state recognition from wearable measurements is inherently nonlinear, with tree-based ensemble models consistently outperforming linear baselines across stress, cognitive load, and exercise detection tasks.
Physical activity across the life course and neural biomarkers.
Physical activity done as part of one's job or schooling during young adulthood may be protective against dementia later in life, specifically predicting lower neurofilament light protein and alpha-synuclein levels.
Associations of a behavioral and mental health score with all-cause and cause-specific mortality and life expectancy: two nationwide cohort studies from the UK and US.
A higher behavioral and mental health score (BMHS) incorporating diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, sleep duration, and depression was strongly associated with reduced all-cause and cause-specific mortality and longer life expectancy by up to 5.60 years among UK and US adults.
Assessment of the MX3 hydration testing system in adults at rest and following exercise in the heat.
MX3 has low reliability and poor-to-weak predictive value in identifying hypohydration at rest and following exercise.
Epigenetic Modulation of the ACE System Underlies the Slow Aerobic Muscle Phenotype and Metabolic Exercise Response.
ACE promoter methylation in skeletal muscle, integrated with other regulatory indexes of the ACE system, contributes to the slow aerobic muscle phenotype and its metabolic response to endurance exercise, with low ACE-promoter methylation potentially overriding I-allele-driven transcriptional silencing.
Exploring the Swimming and Water Safety Behaviour Among Indian and Vietnamese Adults in Australia.
Cultural differences, family influence on risk perception, and barriers to access, affordability, and availability of swimming and water safety education collectively shape health literacy and drowning risk among Indian and Vietnamese adults living in Australia.
Association between physical activity and stationary time variability and frailty in adults meeting and not meeting activity guidelines.
After accounting for accelerometer wear time, neither MVPA nor stationary time variability were associated with frailty, highlighting that overall activity may be associated with frailty rather than day-to-day accumulation patterns.
Physical exercise programmes to improve insomnia or poor sleep quality in non-hospitalised elderly people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Physical exercise programmes demonstrated statistically significant improvements in sleep latency and sleep efficiency in non-hospitalised elderly people, supporting their implementation as cost-effective, safe, and practical interventions to enhance sleep quality.
Sex Differences in Predictors of Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Machine Learning Approach.
In a nationally representative Chilean sample, machine learning models identified sex differences in frailty predictors, with number of health conditions being predominant for both sexes, physical activity more salient for men, and leisure/recreational activities more pronounced for women.
Impact of 8 Weeks of Moderate- Versus High-Intensity Interval Training on Sleep Quality.
Exercise training improves sleep quality regardless of modality, with running three sessions per week for eight weeks enhancing both aerobic and cardiorespiratory fitness along with sleep quality.
Footwear and illumination modulate muscle cocontraction strategies and joint work redistribution during stair-to-ground transition.
Footwear exerts a more pronounced effect than illumination on lower limb joint moments, negative work, and muscle activation during the stair-to-ground transition, with barefoot conditions triggering higher muscle coactivation and ankle loading while shoed conditions increase loading rates and joint work.
Gait adaptations on a treadmill in the moderate exercise intensity domain - Comparison between older adults with and without a history of falls.
Community-dwelling, physically fit older adults with a history of falls showed significantly shorter steps across all exercise intervals compared to those without a fall history, with the most pronounced differences observed during PWS Recovery and Start VT1 conditions.
Transcriptomic response of skeletal muscle to acute aerobic versus combined exercise in chronic kidney disease.
Both aerobic and combined exercise triggered robust inflammatory gene expression responses in CKD skeletal muscle at 24 hours post-exercise, with unexpected downregulation of mitochondrial-related pathways, highlighting mitochondrial dysfunction as a potential barrier to effective exercise adaptation in this population.
Green Exercise for Emotional Health: Effects on Alexithymia, Depression, and Quality of Life in Older Adults-A Randomised Controlled Trial.
Green exercise combined with aerobic and resistance training showed significant improvements in quality of life, alexithymia, and depression in older adults compared to controls, with large effect sizes for all outcomes.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Exercise for Cancer to Enhance Living Well (EXCEL) Study: A Canada-Wide Rural-Urban Analysis.
Baseline characteristics of 1495 participants in the EXCEL exercise oncology program revealed modest rural-urban differences in demographics and medical factors, yet comparable physical activity and functional capacity levels across geographic settings.
Lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy Ukrainian men: local reference ranges, long temporal stability, and exercise-induced variability.
Lymphocyte subpopulation reference ranges were established for healthy Ukrainian men, showing largely stable distributions over a one-year Antarctic expedition but pronounced subset-selective increases in NK cells and monocytes following short-term physical exercise.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescent Athletes: Correlations With Energy Availability, Disordered Eating, and Compulsive Exercise Behaviors.
Adolescent athletes who reported more significant disordered eating behaviors demonstrated worse health-related quality of life, while energy availability and compulsive exercise behaviors were not significantly associated with HRQOL.
Feasibility of a 12-month, remotely delivered and supported aerobic walking exercise training program for brain and cognition in adults with multiple sclerosis.
A 12-month remotely delivered and supported aerobic walking exercise training program was feasible in persons with MS and was associated with preservation of thalamic volume (d=1.01) along with benefits on cognitive processing speed, walking endurance, and aerobic fitness.
Goal-directed human factor experiment on the non-visual effect of luminous environment on indoor exercise.
Physiological and psychological responses during indoor exercise show correlations with luminous environment parameters at different stages of exercise, providing data support for constructing a 'human-centered' fitness lighting environment.
The effect of exercise intervention on atherosclerosis prevention in overweight or obese adults: A Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Exercise interventions improve vascular health in overweight/obese adults, with HYB most effective for FMD, INT most effective for reducing PWV, and CET and RT showing comparable effects on CIMT.
The effect of intradialytic resistance exercise on physical function and dialysis adequacy in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.
Three months of intradialytic resistance exercise safely improved hemodialysis patients' care including cardiovascular state, physical function, and adequacy parameters.
Examining the Impact of Identity Profiles on Postcareer Adaptation in Student-Athletes: A Person-Centered Approach.
Three distinct identity profiles were identified among South Korean student-athletes, with high multidimensional identity associated with greater perceived social support, higher likelihood of long-term physical activity adherence, and lower career concerns compared with other profiles.
Biomechanical and physiological effects of a passive upper-body exoskeleton during stair ascent and descent.
The CarrySuit® passive upper-body exoskeleton had a positive impact on physiological, biomechanical, and perceptual outcomes during stair-based load carrying, reducing heart rate, muscle activity in the biceps brachii and erector spinae, and perceived discomfort, suggesting it may serve as a viable ergonomic solution for work environments where mechanical aids are impractical.
Supportive care: Comparing exercise interventions for upper extremity polyneuropathy induced by chemo- or immunotherapy - VISCIPH B.
The VISCIPH B pilot trial confirmed the feasibility, safety, and acceptance of supervised exercise for upper-extremity PNP in cancer patients, with combined sensorimotor and vibration exercise showing significant improvements in patient-reported and functional outcomes compared to moderate resistance exercise.
Personalized Glucose Management With AI: Pilot Study Using a Multiarmed Bandit Approach.
A multiarmed bandit approach using a two-stage reward prediction model for personalized dietary and exercise recommendations demonstrated significant improvement in postprandial glucose levels in simulation and a 23% average improvement in actual glucose responses in a small real-world experiment with 6 participants.
A Single Bout of Aerobic Exercise Increases Neuronal Extracellular Vesicle-Derived Insulin Signaling Biomarkers in Adults With Cardiometabolic Risk.
A single bout of aerobic exercise increases some nEV-associated insulin signaling phosphoproteins in people with cardiometabolic risk, suggesting exercise may beneficially affect brain insulin signaling.