Dietary Supplements
470 peer-reviewed studies indexed
Potential prebiotic effects of tamarind seed polysaccharide: comparative evaluation of native versus enzymatic hydrolysates on the restoration of intestinal microbiota in clindamycin-treated mice.
Enzymatic hydrolysates of tamarind seed polysaccharide ameliorated clindamycin-induced intestinal dysbiosis in mice, with molecular weight critically determining prebiotic efficacy: low-Mw ETSP2 preferentially promoted Lactobacillus and Paludicola, while moderate-Mw ETSP1 enhanced Bacteroides and significantly increased short-chain fatty acid production.
Oral Probiotic Containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 and Lactobacillus brevis CD2 for Preventing Bacterial Pneumonia in Severe COVID-19: Randomized Clinical Trial.
In this phase II trial of patients with severe COVID-19, oral probiotics containing S. salivarius K12 and L. brevis CD2 did not prevent secondary bacterial pneumonia.
Probiotics and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) for osteoarthritic pain: individual effects in a multiple baseline design study.
A multiple baseline design study suggests that a probiotics-plus-PEA regimen may support function and wellbeing in some individuals with OA, with clear pain reduction demonstrated in one participant, warranting evaluation in larger, controlled studies.
Multivitamin supplements are not superior to nutrition education in improving fat-soluble vitamin levels: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.
Multivitamin supplements are not superior to nutrition education in improving fat-soluble vitamin levels, suggesting nutrition education alone may be a safer and effective approach to addressing deficiencies in vitamins A, D, and E.
Effect of Dietary Nitrate Intake on Fatigue Resistance Following Ischemia-Induced Microvascular Dysfunction in Males and Females.
Acute dietary nitrate supplementation preserves fatigue resistance in males despite persistent microvascular dysfunction, whereas in females it attenuates ischemia-induced microvascular impairment without affecting fatigue resistance, supporting sex-specific protective effects of dietary nitrate against transient vascular stress.
Effects of fish oil supplementation on biomarkers of vascular endothelial function in middle-aged and older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
Low-dose fish oil (1 g/day) significantly reduced endothelial inflammatory markers ICAM-1 and MCP-1 with a U-shaped dose-response in middle-aged and older adults, with higher doses showing no incremental benefit and no effects observed on vasodilatory or oxidative lipid markers.
Effects of Rhodiola rosea on Physical and Decision-Making Performance in Football Players: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
Four weeks of Rhodiola rosea supplementation enhanced high-intensity intermittent performance and decision-making under fatigue in competitive football players, with findings suggesting improved performance maintenance rather than increased peak sprint capacity.
Bifidobacterium bifidum Alleviate Intestinal Barrier Damage by Regulating the Intestinal Flora and Colonic Mucin O-Glycan Structural Patterns.
B. bifidum strains Z29-2 and C5 alleviated intestinal barrier damage in DSS-induced colitis by regulating gut microbiota composition, promoting goblet cell differentiation and MUC2 secretion via Notch signaling inhibition, and enhancing mucin fucosylation while maintaining glycan homeostasis.
Probiotic supplementation on cognitive and other aging-related physiological functions in middle-aged and older adults with mild cognitive impairment (PCAMCI): protocol for a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
This protocol paper describes a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled trial investigating the effects of targeted probiotic supplementation on cognitive and aging-related physiological outcomes in 110 middle-aged and older adults with mild cognitive impairment over 12 months.
The dose-response effects of nitrate-rich beetroot ingestion on cardiovascular and endothelial function: a randomised controlled trial.
Acute dietary nitrate ingestion improved some cardiovascular risk factors, including arterial stiffness, macrovascular endothelial function and aortic systolic BP with different dose-response effects, but had no effect on brachial BP or plasma cGMP concentration.
Severe copper deficiency-related polyneuropathy following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A case report and literature review.
A case of severe copper deficiency-related polyneuropathy following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was successfully treated with intravenous copper supplementation, highlighting the need for standardized postoperative copper monitoring and dosing guidelines.
Associations of growth trajectories from birth to two years of age with adolescent blood pressure: the mediating role of current BMI in the follow-up of an antenatal micronutrient supplementation trial.
Rapid adiposity growth in infancy predicts elevated adolescent blood pressure, with adolescent BMI mediating a substantial portion (up to 85%) of the association with systolic BP but showing no significant mediating effect for diastolic BP.
Unraveling the synergy of wheat-based probiotic- fermented modified dietary Fibers, resistant starch, and gluten in constructing high-quality, low Glycemic index noodles.
An optimized formula of 10% probiotic-fermented modified wheat bran dietary fiber, 20% resistant starch, and 10% gluten reduced noodle glycemic index by 44.2% (from 88.14 to 49.19) through a ternary cooperation mechanism involving glucose capture, crystalline domain formation, and disulfide crosslinking.
Comparing various bowel preparation regimens in constipated patients undergoing colonoscopy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
14d-probiotics+NaP and 3L PEG+3d-linaclotide may be among the more effective and tolerable bowel preparation regimens for constipated patients undergoing colonoscopy.
A novel synbiotic (SCM06) for anxiety and sensory hyperresponsiveness in children with autism spectrum disorder: an open-label pilot study.
SCM06, a novel synbiotic, was safe and well-tolerated in children with ASD and produced significant improvements in anxiety, sensory hyperresponsiveness, and abdominal pain, with associated changes in gut microbiota and metabolites including increased Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, valeric acid, and butyric acid.
Ashwagandha Root Extract Stabilises Physiological Stress Responses in Male and Female Team Sports Athletes During Pre-Season Training.
Supplementation with 600 mg/day of Ashwagandha root extract for 42 days may stabilise stress biomarkers, improve perception of recovery and enhance muscle strength in team sports athletes during pre-season training.
Intramuscular Cyanocobalamin Treatment in Patients with Corpus Atrophic Gastritis and Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Efficacy and Predictors of Increased Requirement-A Monocentric Longitudinal Real-Life Cohort Study.
Nearly 70% of CAG patients with vitamin B12 deficiency restored their vitamin B12 levels with 20,000 µg/yr of intramuscular cyanocobalamin, while the remaining 30% required 30,000 µg/yr, with switching to higher dosage significantly associated with severe corpus intestinal metaplasia, macrocytosis at diagnosis, and male sex.
Circulating eNAMPT in Glaucoma: A Semi-Quantitative Plasma Analysis Before and After Nicotinamide Supplementation.
A Western blotting assay was developed to specifically detect plasma eNAMPT in glaucoma patients and controls, but eNAMPT levels showed no difference between glaucoma and controls, nor changes after 2-week nicotinamide supplementation.
Seminal Redox Improvement and Sperm Proteome Remodeling After Deprox-HP Nutraceutical Supplementation in Male Accessory Gland Inflammation: A Pilot Study.
Deprox-HP nutraceutical supplementation was associated with reduced oxidative membrane damage and a coordinated sperm proteomic shift consistent with improved motility in male accessory gland inflammation patients.
Probiotic Supplementation Reduces RRTIs and Enhances Gut Microbial and Immunity in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Long-term supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis XLTG11 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CCFM8661 is safe, well tolerated, and effective in reducing RRTI burden in children, while also supporting healthier microbiota and immune patterns.
Efficacy of Combined Hericium erinaceus Mycelium and Undenatured Type II Collagen in Reducing Osteoarthritis Progression in a Preclinical Animal Model.
HEM and UC-II together reduce bone pain and OA development by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α and chondrolytic factors MMP-3, MMP-13, and ADAMTS5, thereby blocking cartilage breakdown and bone loss in an anterior cruciate ligament transection preclinical model.
Effect of Oral Ketone Body Intake on Human CD8+ T-Cell Immunometabolism.
Transient elevation of circulating ketone body levels through supplementation seems insufficient to reproduce the immunometabolic effects of a ketogenic diet, and the impact of exogenous ketones on adaptive immunity in healthy individuals appears limited.
JK5G postbiotics modulate gut microbiota and metabolome to alleviate cancer-related pain: a randomized controlled trial with multi-omics integration.
JK5G postbiotics supplementation alongside patient-controlled subcutaneous analgesia significantly improved pain scores, quality of life, and immune profiles in cancer patients by reshaping gut microbiota, modulating host metabolism via tryptophan and butyrate pathways, and enhancing immune responses.
Two'-Fucosyllactose, a Human Milk Oligosaccharide, Promotes Intestinal Remodeling and Enhances Nutrient and Functional Component Absorption.
2'-Fucosyllactose (2'FL) supplementation promotes intestinal remodeling by increasing small intestinal length and villus density, thereby enhancing absorption of nutrients and functional compounds including DHA-containing triglycerides, CL316,243, and curcumin.
The promising effects of a multi-species synbiotic preparation on metabolic profile in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
A multi-species synbiotic preparation benefits elderly patients with T2DM and high cardiovascular risk and improves weight, BMI, BFM, and plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, VCAM-1, FPG, and HOMA-IR.
Probiotic Supplementation as an Adjuvant Therapy in Pediatric Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation as adjuvant therapy appears to enhance the effectiveness of conventional antiepileptic drugs, reduce systemic inflammation, improve quality of life, and reduce seizure frequency in children with drug-resistant epilepsy.
Phylogenomic diversity of clinical Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the prevalence of probiotic-derived isolates in a tertiary care center in Hungary.
Clinical S. cerevisiae isolates frequently derive from probiotic or industrial lineages, with nearly half (48%) clustering within the probiotic subclade and showing strong association with prior probiotic administration and pediatric patients, highlighting the need for clade-level molecular genetic typing and cautious probiotic administration.
Effect of Bifidobacterium longum on cognition and microbiota in post-stroke patients: a single-blinded, controlled trial.
Supplementation of Bifidobacterium longum OLP-01 at a dose of 2 × 10^10 CFU daily for 12 weeks improved cognitive function and changed gut microbiota, but did not alter physical performance in post-stroke patients.
Panax ginseng Meyer supplementation and potential associations with telomere length and NAD+/NADH ratio in middle-aged adults: An exploratory study.
Ginseng supplementation is associated with telomere elongation and an increased NAD+/NADH ratio in middle-aged adults, and exerts beneficial effects on human overall health by improving potential biomarkers of aging.
Potential ocular health benefit of short-term omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on the ocular tear film: An observational study.
Oral consumption of omega-3 fatty acids over 3 consecutive days significantly improved the comfort, stability, and quality of the ocular tear film, but no significant change was observed in tear volume.
Probiotic Supplementation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Outcomes on Uremic Toxins, Inflammation, and Vascular Calcification from Experimental and Clinical Models.
Probiotic supplementation (Probimel) decreased IL-6, IFN-γ, and indoxyl sulfate in an experimental rat model of CKD, but did not provide clear evidence of improvement in kidney function or vascular calcification in either rats or patients with advanced CKD.
Phenolic compounds' impact on gut microbiota: Insights from in vitro batch fecal fermentation for composition modulation.
Ellagic acid and phloroglucinol demonstrated prebiotic properties by promoting beneficial bacteria and SCFA production, while naringenin was linked to the growth of pathogenic genera like Escherichia and Salmonella in in vitro batch fecal fermentation.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Fmb50 Alleviates Hyperglycemia by Reshaping Gut Structures and Mitigating Metabolic Disorders in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Fmb50 and its spores alleviated hyperglycemia in T2DM mice by reshaping gut microbiota, repairing intestinal barrier, and activating the hepatic AMPK pathway via the gut-SCFAs-liver axis.
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei FL5 Inhibits Helicobacter pylori by Regulating Gastric Microbiota and NF-κB Signaling Pathway.
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei FL5 demonstrated potent anti-H. pylori activity through multiple mechanisms including coaggregation, urease inhibition, and modulation of gastric microbiota and TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling, with inactivated FL5 showing superior efficacy to live FL5 in inhibiting TLR2/NF-κB signaling.
The impact of olive oil polyphenol supplementation on metabolic syndrome parameters The OleoMetS study: A randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Supplementation with olive oil aldehydic phenols (10 mg/day for 12 weeks) shows promise in improving key metabolic markers in patients with metabolic syndrome, including significant reductions in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, BMI, blood pressure, triglycerides, oxidized LDL, uric acid, ALT, and fatigue scores.
Lower Adherence to Vitamin D Prophylaxis in Families With Multiple Children.
Adherence to vitamin D prophylaxis was significantly lower in families with more than one child, with the presence of siblings being the only factor significantly associated with poor adherence (odds ratio 2.72, 95% confidence interval 1.25-5.92).
Lactobacillus rhamnosus-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Mitigate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression Through Activation of the Apelin Signaling Pathway.
LR-BEVs exert anti-steatotic efficacy via the Apelin signaling pathway activation in vitro and in vivo, establishing LR-BEVs as novel NAFLD therapeutics with translational potential for metabolic liver diseases.
Safety and toxicity assessment of Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32 with Probiotic potential in vivo and in vitro.
Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32 demonstrated a favorable safety profile in 14-day acute and 90-day subchronic toxicity studies with no observed adverse effects, no mutagenicity in vivo or in vitro, and showed probiotic potential including antimicrobial activity and immunomodulatory properties.
Use of oral nutritional supplements in Greece: Examining the effect of the level of knowledge of health care professionals on their use in clinical practice.
The results support the need to improve clinical nutrition education, especially for younger HCPs, those with limited experience, physicians, nurses, and pharmacists, as knowledge deficits regarding oral nutritional supplements were associated with younger age, role as physician, nurse, or pharmacist, limited working experience, and lack of interest/experience in clinical nutrition.
Slug-mucus-inspired single-cell coating enhances the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease by improving probiotic colonization efficiency.
A slug-mucus-inspired single-cell coating system (AC-EcN) provides prolonged protection over 96 hours against gastrointestinal barriers, enhances probiotic colonization efficiency, and significantly improves treatment of inflammatory bowel disease by modulating intestinal inflammation and restoring barrier function.
Weizmannia coagulans BC01 supplementation improved functional constipation by regulating gut microbiota: A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical study.
Weizmannia coagulans BC01 supplementation (5×10⁹ CFU/d for 21 days) significantly improved functional constipation symptoms, quality of life, and gut microbiota composition compared to placebo in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Characterization of Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Relevance of Mushroom Hericium Biomass Supplement to Neurocognitive Behavior.
H. erinaceus biomass in children with pervasive developmental disorders significantly improved the maturation of the CNS after 6 to 12 months of oral use, decreased the dominant slow-wave activity, and converted slow-wave activity to optimal beta1 frequency.
Effects of Carbohydrate Combined with Caffeine on the Sports Performance of Basketball Players.
Combined supplementation of CH + CAF can effectively improve the overall sports performance of basketball players, with a certain recovery effect on physiological responses, but has no significant impact on professional skills, and joint supplementation has not shown significant synergistic effects.
Tongue brushing and oral probiotics for the treatment of halitosis: a randomized controlled trial.
Both tongue brushing and oral probiotics were effective in reducing halitosis, with the combined intervention producing the most significant and sustained improvements.
Investigating the Effect of Synbiotic and SperiGen Supplementations on Spermatogram in Idiopathic Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.
The combination of Synbiotic and SperiGen appears to be much more effective than using an antioxidant alone in improving DNA fragmentation, concentration, and progressive motility of sperm in idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.
Effect of probiotics combined with periodontal basic therapy on inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with moderate periodontitis.
Probiotics combined with standard periodontal basic therapy significantly reduced inflammatory factors and improved periodontal parameters compared to periodontal basic therapy alone in patients with moderate periodontitis.
Metabolic modeling reveals determinants of prebiotic and probiotic treatment efficacy across multiple human intervention trials.
Microbial community-scale metabolic models (MCMMs) predicted probiotic engraftment with 75%-80% accuracy and captured treatment-driven shifts in SCFA production, demonstrating the potential of metabolic modeling to guide personalized microbiome-mediated interventions.
Examining the Clinical Usefulness of Urine Methylmalonic Acid for Diagnosis of Vitamin B-12 Deficiency in Older Adults: A Pilot Study.
Urinary methylmalonic acid is a promising biomarker for assessing vitamin B-12 deficiency and treatment response in older adults, with supplementation leading to statistically significant reductions in uMMA/creatinine levels accompanied by significant improvements in balance and cognitive performance.
Tricholoma matsutake Protein as a Novel Cognitive Supportive Nutrient: Identification and Molecular Interaction Mechanism Study of Memory-Enhancing Peptides.
Dietary supplementation with Tricholoma matsutake protein (TPT) enhanced cognitive function in mice, with LC-MS/MS identifying bioavailable peptides PFL, LFL, and AFL as potent AChE inhibitors that may mediate memory-enhancing effects.
Optimizing vitamin A supplementation: A comparative cost-effectiveness analysis of routine distribution strategies in northern Côte d'Ivoire.
All three routine vitamin A supplementation strategies evaluated in northern Côte d'Ivoire were cost-effective, though the advanced community-based strategy achieved the best balance of reach and efficiency, with costs per DALY averted well below the country's cost-effectiveness threshold.