Dietary Supplements
470 peer-reviewed studies indexed
Intra-individual reliability of blood bicarbonate responses and gastrointestinal symptoms following sodium citrate supplementation.
Sodium citrate elicits a consistent group-level alkalosis yet individual timing metrics are unreliable, and a 2-3 hour ingestion window maximizes the probability of achieving ≥+5 mmol·L-1 above baseline.
Molecular weight-engineered lentinan fractions as prebiotic modulators: Steering gut microbiota for precision obesity intervention.
Three molecular weight fractions of water-soluble lentinan demonstrated Mw-gradient-dependent regulation of gut microbiota from healthy and obese individuals, with lower molecular weight fractions showing distinct prebiotic effects including progressive reduction in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio as Mw decreased.
Patterns of Supplement Use in Prostate Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Survey.
Herbal and vitamin and mineral supplement use is highly prevalent among Irish men with prostate cancer, particularly vitamin and mineral products with vitamin D most common, and improved communication and clinical guidance are needed in survivorship care.
Adherence to Guidance About Complementary Feeding and Vitamin D Supplementation in Infants: The Role of Information Sources.
Adherence to guidance around introduction of solid foods and Vitamin D supplementation was low, with adherence to solid food guidelines positively associated with maternal age, education level, and use of formal information sources such as Health Visitors or leaflets.
Efficacy and safety of prophylactic intravenous calcium supplementation in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy: a retrospective study.
Postoperative prophylactic intravenous calcium supplementation, followed by dynamic dosage adjustments based on serum calcium levels, in addition to routine oral calcium and calcitriol supplementation, could significantly reduce the incidence of severe hypocalcemia without substantially increasing the risk of hypercalcemia in SHPT patients after parathyroidectomy.
Amorphous calcium carbonate supplementation and bone outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis: A prospective cohort study.
Twelve-month ACC supplementation increased bilateral femoral neck BMD and reduced bone turnover marker levels in RA patients, particularly in anti-citrullinated peptide antibody-positive patients.
Pennisetum purpureum Schumach Supplementation Enhances Grip Strength in Adults with Low Muscle Mass: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Pennisetum purpureum Schumach supplementation (300 mg three times daily for 12 weeks) was associated with a significant increase in grip strength in adults with low muscle mass, with no significant changes in muscle mass, walking performance, liver function, kidney function, or hormonal markers.
Effects of chronic nitrate supplementation on blood pressure in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
The current evidence does not support reductions in blood pressure levels in older adults following sodium nitrate supplementation, though further research is necessary due to the limited number of available randomized controlled trials.
Purified Anthocyanins Indicated No Significant Effect on Arterial Stiffness, Four-Limb Blood Pressures and Cardiovascular Risk-A 12-Week Dose-Response Trial in Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults with Hyperglycemia.
A 12-week double-blind randomized controlled trial found that multiple dosages of purified anthocyanins had no significant impacts on arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk in Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults with dysglycemia.
Maternal probiotics intake during pregnancy and exclusive colostrum breastfeeding are associated with a reduced risk of neonatal jaundice.
Maternal probiotic intake during pregnancy and exclusive colostrum breastfeeding are associated with a reduced risk of neonatal jaundice, highlighting these as important modifiable preventive factors.
Concurrent coverage and determinants of vitamin A supplementation and deworming among children aged 12-59 months in 15 Sub-Saharan African countries.
Co-coverage of vitamin A supplementation and deworming among children aged 12-59 months across 15 Sub-Saharan African countries was only 44.0%, far below the WHO 80% target, with wide variation across countries and determinants operating at individual, household, community, and country levels.
Effects of Peanut Butter Supplementation on Older Adults' Physical Function: A 6-Month Randomised Controlled Trial.
In community-dwelling older adults at risk for falls, daily peanut butter consumption for 6 months improved 5STS time and muscle power based on 5STS, but not gait speed, muscle strength or body composition.
Malnutrition Management in a Canadian Hospital with the Integrated Nutrition Pathway for Acute Care (INPAC).
All malnourished patients received a nutritional care plan during hospitalization following INPAC implementation, but only approximately half were provided with a nutrition care plan at discharge.
Gut Commensal Phocaeicola vulgatus AF107-22 Alleviates Obesity-Induced Metabolic Syndrome via Promoting Gut Microbiota-Derived Spermidine Synthesis.
Gut commensal Phocaeicola vulgatus alleviates obesity-induced metabolic syndrome via promoting gut microbiota-derived spermidine synthesis, with plasma spermidine levels negatively correlated with MetS progression in human populations.
Design and rationale for a pilot trial of D-alanine supplementation to reduce the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in patients with chronic kidney disease.
This paper describes the design and rationale for a pilot trial investigating whether D-alanine supplementation has a beneficial effect on the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Effects of probiotic supplementation on intestinal microbiota in patients with diabetes/prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Probiotics significantly increased fecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium levels and reduced fasting plasma glucose in diabetic patients, with intervention duration and patient age identified as key factors influencing treatment effectiveness.
Bifidobacterium breve inhibits colorectal cancer via extracellular vesicles containing formate acetyltransferase.
B. breve secretes pflB-loaded EVs that reshape the intestinal micro-ecology, activate CD8+ CTL/NK anti-tumor immunity, directly induce mitochondrial apoptosis in malignant cells, and enhance the effects of immune checkpoint blockers to overcome drug resistance, offering a precision 'probiotic-EVs-active protein' triadic intervention strategy for CRC.
Mechanism of co-encapsulating highland barley β-glucan to improve the gastrointestinal bioavailability of probiotics.
Co-encapsulating highland barley β-glucan (HBBG) with probiotics significantly improved probiotic viability and gastrointestinal bioavailability, with superior survival rates (>8.5 Log CFU per g) and enhanced beneficial gut microbiota growth, highlighting HBBG's prebiotic potential and synergistic role in improving probiotic stability and functionality.
Nitrate-responsive genetically engineered probiotics locally release TNF-α nanobodies against inflammatory bowel disease.
Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 was genetically engineered to express and release TNF-α nanobodies in response to nitrate, a biomarker of intestinal inflammation, achieving high anti-ulcerative colitis effects via two distinct release systems.
The Differential Effects of Vitamin K Across Glycaemic Outcomes in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Vitamin K supplementation significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR without affecting fasting insulin or HOMA-β in a meta-analysis of eight RCTs in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Prevention of colorectal cancer and modulation of murine gut microbiota using functional meats.
Functional meat products containing nutraceutical compounds (carotenoids, omega-3 fatty acids, catechins, carnosic acid, PTSO, L. plantarum postbiotic, and vitamins) reduced macroscopic colorectal tumor development in a murine model, demonstrating that synergy between all compounds is necessary to achieve potent antitumor effects.
Effects of Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS 1.1105 Postbiotics and Their Exopolysaccharides on Immune Function and Gut Microbiota in Immunosuppressed Mice.
Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS 1.1105 postbiotics and their exopolysaccharides possess immunomodulatory and gut microbiota-regulating functions, with EPS identified as 'a key bioactive component responsible for the immunoregulatory activity of the postbiotic formulation.'
Psychological manipulation mechanisms of false fitness and supplement information and public health risks: from information manipulation to behavioral decision-making.
Persuasive impact of false fitness and supplement information was driven largely by interface cues and social validation signals rather than credibility of evidentiary content, with heuristic trust linked to lower risk perception and stronger purchase intention through a statistically reliable indirect pathway.
Exogenous β-Hydroxybutyrate Supplementation Alleviates Ana o 3-Induced Allergic Responses.
Exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate supplementation effectively mitigates allergic reactions mediated by Ana o 3 in a mouse model by reducing IgE levels, MCPT-1, and body temperature drops, potentially through downregulation of Fc receptor expression on mast cells and reduction of harmful metabolites.
Lactiplantibacillus pentosus JWN01 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JWN02 attenuate renal fibrosis and pathological autophagy in hyperuricemic nephropathy via gut-kidney axis.
L. pentosus JWN01 and L. plantarum JWN02 isolated from healthy newborn skin confer protective effects against hyperuricemic nephropathy through modulation of the gut-kidney axis, reducing serum uric acid, renal fibrosis, and pathological autophagy in Uox-/- mice.
Supplementation with Animal- and Plant-Derived Proteins Modulates the Structure and Predicted Metabolic Potential of the Gut Microbiota in Elite Football Players.
An 8-week randomized controlled trial found that protein supplementation source (whey, pea, rice, or plant blend) produced significant source-specific shifts in gut microbiota taxonomic structure and predicted metabolic activity in elite football players, while alpha-diversity indices remained stable across all groups.
Supplementation of L-aspartate corrects MASLD and MASH in mice by inhibiting platelet-hepatocyte interaction-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation via the ATP-P2X7-NEK7-DRP1 axis.
L-aspartate supplementation corrects MASLD and MASH in mice by increasing platelet cGMP levels to block platelet activation and suppress activated platelet-derived ATP secretion, thereby inhibiting the ATP-P2X7-NEK7-DRP1 axis-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation in hepatocytes.
Green tea's impact on fertility hormones and oxidative stress markers in obese males with different gonadal statuses in Onitsha, Nigeria.
Green tea supplementation reduced oxidative stress and improved hormonal balance in obese males, suggesting its potential for managing obesity-related reproductive dysfunction.
Vitamin D, calcium, phosphates, and magnesium serum level and bone mineral density in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Patients with T1DM are more at risk of developing osteoporosis than healthy individuals, and vitamin D supplementation alone may not be sufficient to affect BMD, suggesting patients with type 1 diabetes should receive higher doses of vitamin D than healthy adults and control their calcium, magnesium and phosphates serum concentrations.
Survey on Faecal Microbiota Transplantation and Probiotic Use in Equine Practice in France and Belgium.
Probiotics and FMT were commonly used therapeutically by equine veterinarians in France and Belgium, but FMT protocols varied widely with donor faeces often untested, and standardized protocols are needed to improve outcomes and consistency.
Supplementation with Bromelain, Troxerutin, and Escin to Support Postoperative Recovery After Hip or Knee Arthroplasty in Older Adults: A Pilot Study.
Combined bromelain, troxerutin, and escin supplementation was associated with meaningful reductions in postoperative pain and edema and with faster functional recovery in older adults undergoing rehabilitation after hip or knee arthroplasty.
Impact of Powdered Tart Cherry Supplementation on Performance Recovery Following Repeated Sprint Exercise.
Ten days of powdered tart cherry supplementation (500 mg/day) did not impact any change beyond what was observed in placebo for markers of recovery, readiness, soreness, exercise performance, and markers of muscle damage following repeated sprint exercise.
Limosilactobacillus reuteri alleviates psoriasis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated regulation of Interkeukin-17A.
Heat-killed Limosilactobacillus reuteri NCHBL-005 and its metabolite indole-3-acetaldehyde alleviate psoriatic inflammation through modulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interleukin-1β-interleukin-17A axis, thereby restoring skin immune homeostasis.
Structural characterization, digestive and fermentative properties of Pleurotus ferulae polysaccharides and their effects on human gut microbiota.
WEPP and AEPP polysaccharides from Pleurotus ferulae resisted gastrointestinal digestion but were readily fermented by human gut microbiota, yielding significantly higher propionic acid levels than inulin and selectively modulating specific gut bacterial genera, indicating prebiotic potential.
Impact of Short-Term Dietary Restriction Combined with Amaranth and Canola Oil Supplementation on Salivary Adipokines in Adults with Obesity.
A 3-week calorie-restricted diet contributed to a decrease in the concentration of adipokines (PAI-1, serpin A12, TNF-R1) in saliva, and combined supplementation with amaranth and canola oils increased salivary flow and resulted in higher pH values indicating greater alkalinity.
Safety and immune-regulating effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri LR08: Preclinical and clinical evidence from a randomized controlled trial.
L. reuteri LR08 demonstrates robust genomic safety and favorable effects on metabolic, immune, and gut microbiota profiles in healthy adults, supporting its potential application as a safe probiotic for metabolic regulation, immune enhancement, and microbiota modulation.
Sarcopenia: effects of Robuvit® supplementation on loss of muscular mass and strength.
This pilot registry study suggests that 'primary' (idiopathic) sarcopenia can be reduced in otherwise healthy subjects with supplementation of Robuvit®, which increased hand strength, muscular vascularization, subjective vigor and reduced plasma oxidative stress and urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine after 3 months.
Recombinant MAM from Faecalibacterium duncaniae exhibits a protective effect in DNBS-induced colitis.
Recombinant MAM (R-MAM) from Faecalibacterium duncaniae, produced under denaturing conditions, demonstrates direct anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and protective effects in a DNBS-induced colitis murine model, providing 'a critical validation step for the therapeutic potential of MAM in intestinal inflammation.'
Complex Effects of B-Vitamin Combinations on Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials over Three Decades.
B-vitamin combinations do not confer consistent benefit for major cardiovascular outcomes but may reduce stroke and MACE in selected primary prevention populations, suggesting that baseline cardiovascular risk and regional folic acid fortification modify treatment effects.
Exploring the potential of short-term oral folic acid on the ocular tear film: An intervention study.
A 3-day regimen of folic acid supplementation may improve tear film parameters, with benefits including improved comfort, stability, volume, and overall quality of the ocular tear film.
Quality of Life of Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with Chemotherapy.
ONS did not significantly change mean QoL scores at the group level but increased the proportion of patients achieving clinically meaningful improvement, particularly in the physical and emotional domains.
Benefits of oral nitrite supplementation on mitochondrial respiration and physical function in older adults.
Oral nitrite supplementation (20 mg three times daily for 12 weeks) was not associated with improvements in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, exercise capacity, or physical function in older adults (age ≥70 years), despite a 16- to 30-fold increase in plasma nitrite following acute dosing.
Antioxidant Mechanisms of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ZFM847 and Its Oxidative Stress Regulation in Multiple Models.
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ZFM847 derived from fresh milk possesses strong antioxidant capacity through upregulation of thioredoxin, antioxidant enzyme, and glutathione redox system genes, and significantly mitigates oxidative stress and inflammation in multiple models including D-gal-induced mice and H. pylori-infected GES-1 cells via the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Casein Supplementation Timing and Exercise Performance in Soccer Players: Pre-Sleep vs. Post-Exercise Intake-A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Both pre-sleep and post-exercise casein ingestion enhanced anaerobic performance in highly trained soccer players, with each timing method favoring different performance outcomes, but neither strategy demonstrated superiority over the other.
Bifidobacterium adolescentis Strengthens Gut Barrier in Post-Voyage Functional Constipation.
B. adolescentis identified through metagenomic analysis strengthened gut barrier and improved functional constipation in post-voyage mice by reversing microbial ecological imbalance, reducing pathogens, and restoring arginine/bile acid metabolism.
Integrated safety and microbiota profiling of fulvic acid formulations across in vitro and in vivo models.
Fulvic acid-based formulations exhibited a favorable safety profile and measurable bioactivity in cellular and microbiome models, supporting further investigation as a multifunctional bioactive component in immunonutrition, microbiome modulation, and regenerative-supportive strategies.
Supplementation of Maltotetraose Enhances Endurance Capacity and Energy Metabolism of ICR Mice.
Maltotetraose (G4) supplementation significantly improved exercise performance, maintained antioxidant capacity, alleviated tissue injury, enhanced energy metabolism through mitochondrial biogenesis, and supported gut barrier integrity and microbiota composition in endurance-trained ICR mice.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JY039 Ameliorates Necrotizing Enterocolitis via Intestinal Stem Cell Regeneration.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JY039 ameliorates necrotizing enterocolitis via intestinal stem cell regeneration, reducing pathology scores and permeability, restoring tight junctions, modulating cytokines, and enriching beneficial gut microbiota in NEC rats.
Case Series of Bacteremia Associated with Probiotic Use in Children after Cardiac Surgery, China.
Probiotic-associated bacteremia is rare in pediatric cardiac surgery patients and usually resolves with antibiotics, with outcomes correlating more with cardiac complexity than bacteremia itself.
Acute L-Leucine Supplementation and Sprint Exercise Elicit Distinct Appetite and Inflammatory Responses in Persons with Overweight: A Randomized, Counterbalanced, and Crossover Design Study.
Acute sprint exercise had a consistent anorexic effect on appetite and food intake, while isolated L-leucine decreased subjective perception of appetite but had unclear effects on satiety and food intake, and the combination of exercise with L-leucine elicited a pro-inflammatory profile that appeared to improve appetite control.